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This book details methods of domestic wastewater treatment that are especially suitable in developing countries. The emphasis is on low-cost, low-energy, low-maintenance, high-performance systems that contribute to environmental sustainability by producing effluents that can be safely and profitably used in agriculture for crop irrigation and/or in aquaculture for fish and aquatic vegetable pond fertilization. Modern design methodologies, with worked design examples, are described for waste stabilization ponds (WSP), wastewater storage and treatment reservoirs, constructed wetlands, upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors, biofilters, aerated lagoons, and oxidation ditches. The book provides a foundation to the practical design of wastewater treatment and reuse systems in developing countries, with an emphasis on sustainable and cost-effective technologies, with the goal of reducing wastewater-related diseases and environmental damage. Essential reading for design engineers and academics and upper-level or undergraduate post-graduate engineering students.
In warmer climates, sewage loses its content of dissolved oxygen more rapidly, causing it to become "stale" or "septic", necessitating the use of waste stabilization ponds. Waste stabilization ponds utilize environmentally-aware technology in treating the wastewater of communities in hot climates. This book covers waste stabilization ponds in detail, and examines wastewater management and treatment today.
This book covers the public health, technical, socioeconomic, sociocultural and institutional aspects of sanitation in towns and cities of developing countries. The text features excreta-related diseases and the use of sanitation to reduce their transmission. The sanitation technologies covered in detail are VIP latrines, pour-flush toilets, septic tanks, settled sewerage and simplified sewerage, with additional chapters on sullage disposal, pit emptying, and sewage treatment and reuse. Sociocultural constraints on sanitation systems and their socioeconomic costing are described, together with hygiene education, which is essential in order to achieve maximum benefits to health. The text also explains how to choose the most appropriate sanitation option for a given low-income community. Finally, institutional aspects are reviewed, including effective sanitation programme planning, monitoring and evaluation.
"Access to safe water is a fundamental human need and therefore a basic human right" --Kofi Annan, United Nations Secretary General Edited by two world-renowned scientists in the field, The Handbook of Water and Wastewater Microbiology provides a definitive and comprehensive coverage of water and wastewater microbiology. With contributions from experts from around the world, this book gives a global perspective on the important issues faced in the provision of safe drinking water, the problems of dealing with aquatic pollution and the processes involved in wastewater management. Starting with an introductory chapter of basic microbiological principles, The Handbook of Water and Wastewater Mi...
HEALTH AND WATER QUALITY; WATER SUPPLIES FOR LOW-INCOME COMMUNITIES; INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT; SANITATION; EFFLUENT RE-USE AND RECLAMATION; SANITATION.