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Fischer has examined price records in many nations, and finds that great waves of rising prices in the 13th-, 16th-, 18th-, and 20th centuries were all marked by price swings of increasing volatility, falling wages, a growing gap between rich and poor, and an increase in violent crime, family disintegration, and cultural despair. 109 graphs & charts. 7 maps.
List for March 7, 1844, is the list for September 10, 1842, amended in manuscript.
Contributors. -- Foreword. -- Preface. -- Getting Started. -- Assessing Available Information. -- Organizing and Preliminary Planning for Surgical Research -- Writing a Protocol: Animals, Humans, and Use of Biologic, Chemical, and Radiologic Agents. -- Grantsmanship. -- Informed Consent and the Protection of Human Research Subjects: Historical Perspectives and Guide to Current United States Regulations. -- Animal Care and Maintenance. -- Funding Strategies and Agencies: Academic-Industrial Relationships; Intellectual Property. -- Statistical Considerations. -- Use of Nonexperimental Studies to Evaluate Surgical Procedures and Other Interventions: The Challenge of Risk Adjustment. -- Measuring Surgical Outcomes. -- Design of Clinical Trials. -- Using Administrative Data for Clinical Research. -- Research in the Intensive Care Unit: Ethical and Methodological Issues. -- Research in the Operating Room. -- Effects of Age and Gender. -- Strategies, Principles, and Techniques Using Transgeni ...
The third edition of The Parathyroids, led by a new stellar editorial team, has been thoroughly updated to reflect the considerable advances in just about every aspect of PTH biology over the past decade. It continues to be the authoritative reference that spans the basic science of parathyroid hormone treatment to major clinical disorders in a superb, single compendium. This translational resource is invaluable to graduate students, fellows, researchers, and research clinicians in the fields of endocrinology, bone biology, osteology, and rheumatology. - Contains chapters and information on noninvasive imaging, fracture healing, secondary diseases such as CKD, Vitamin D, cell signaling pathways, vascular calcification, as well as advances in genetics/genomics - Includes essential updates on the critical importance of Vitamin D insufficiency and its relationship to secondary hyperparathyroidism - Offers new insights into the underlying mechanisms of parathyroid hormone actions on osteocytes and sclerostin - Examines essential updates in the understanding of secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with chronic kidney disease, facture healing, and vascular disease
The Handbook of Reoperative General Surgery offers a technical overview of one of surgery’s greatest challenges-reoperation. Emphasizing the complications of each disease as well as reoperative procedures, this indispensable text is extensively referenced with pertinent current and classical literature. Organized primarily by body system, the Handbook of Reoperative General Surgery covers the spectrum of conditions faced by general surgeons today, including: Diagnoses and operative strategy critical for breast cancer Coverage of reoperative of the liver, biliary tract, and pancreas Approaches to dealing with reoperations on all areas of gastrointestinal tract Strategies for care of the pat...
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In the last few decades, significant advancements in the biology and engineering of stem cells have enabled progress in their clinical application to revascularization therapies. Some strategies involve the mobilization of endogenous stem cell populations, and others employ cell transplantation. However, both techniques have benefited from multidis