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Decartes
Scientist, mathematician, traveller, soldier -- and spy -- René Descartes has been called the 'father of modern philosophy'. Born in 1596 into an era still dominated by the medieval mindset, he was one of the chief actors in the riveting drama that ushered in the modern world. His life coincided with an extraordinarily significant time in history -- the first half of the miraculous seventeenth century, replete with genius in the arts and sciences, and wracked by civil and international conflicts across Europe. Before his death in 1650 Descartes made immense contributions to an exceptionally wide range of fields and disciplines, and his assertion 'Cogito, ergo sum' ('I think, therefore I am') has become one of the most famous maxims in all philosophy. He was the very archetype of a 'Renaissance man', and yet surprisingly little is known about him. Drawing on new research and his own insights as one of our leading philosophers, A. C. Grayling presents a stunningly accessible and fascinating portrait of the man and the remarkable era in which he lived.
The Philosophical Writings of Descartes: Volume 1
A completely new translation of the works of Descartes is intended to replace the Haldane and Ross edition, first published in 1911. All material from that edition is translated here, with a number of other texts crucial for understanding Cartesian philosophy.
Descartes: Philosophical Essays and Correspondence
A superb text for teaching the philosophy of Descartes, this volume includes all his major works in their entirety, important selections from his lesser known writings, and key selections from his philosophical correspondence. The result is an anthology that enables the reader to understand the development of Descartes’s thought over his lifetime. Includes a biographical Introduction, chronology, bibliography, and index.
Meditations on First Philosophy
"The effect of this man on his age and the new age cannot be imagined broadly enough... René Descartes is indeed the true beginner of modern philosophy, insofar as it makes thinking the principle. "- Hegel A new translation directly from the original manuscripts into English of Descartes' famous work "Meditations on First Philosophy". This edition contains a new introduction and afterword from the translator, as well as a timeline of Descartes' life and summaries of each of his works. In these "meditations", in mimicry of Marcus Aurelius, Descartes pens a series of essays on the nature of reality, the existence of God, and the relationship between mind and body. This work is significant because it helped to establish Descartes' philosophy of dualism and had a profound and lasting impact on Western philosophy. In this work, Descartes famously proclaimed, "Cogito, ergo sum" ("I think, therefore I am"), establishing the moniker of Cartesian Epistemology and the foundation of the Enlightenment
René Descartes: Principles of Philosophy
Descartes's Principles 0. / Philosophy is his longest and most ambitious work; it is the only work in which he attempted to actually deduce scientific knowledge from Cartesian metaphysics, as he repeatedly claimed was possible. Whatever the success of this attempt, there can be no doubt that it was enormously influential. Cartesian celestial mechanics held sway for well over a century, and some of the best minds of that period, including Leibniz, Malebranche, Euler, and the Bernoullis, attempted to modify and quantify the Cartesian theory of vortices into an acceptable alternative to Newton's theory of universal gravitation. Thus, the Principles is not only of inherent and historical interes...
The Meditations
This book provides an accessible, readable, student-centred guide to Descartes' Meditations, which is a set text for AQA AS Philosophy. Through lucid explanation, careful use of modern examples and engaging activities it leads students towards deeper understanding of Descartes' arguments and the wider philosophical implications of his ideas. Key features include: - a biographical introduction setting The Meditations in its historical context - a step-by-step guide through the text of The Meditations including key quotes - tasks and activities to stimulate thought and help readers understand and evaluate Descartes' philosophy - a critical analysis of the philosophical implications of Descartes' ideas - end-of-chapter key point summaries covering what readers need to know to answer exam questions on The Meditations - an extensive glossary of key words and ideas - thorough referencing to enable students to follow up key ideas and quotes in independent study.
Meditations on First Philosophy
'It is some years now since I realized how many false opinions I had accepted as true from childhood onwards...I saw that at some stage in my life the whole structure would have to be utterly demolished' In Descartes's Meditations, one of the key texts of Western philosophy, the thinker rejects all his former beliefs in the quest for new certainties. Discovering his own existence as a thinking entity in the very exercise of doubt, he goes on to prove the existence of God, who guarantees his clear and distinct ideas as a means of access to the truth. He develops new conceptions of body and mind, capable of serving as foundations for the new science of nature. Subsequent philosophy has grapple...
Key Philosophical Writings
Rene Descartes has been described as the "father" of modern philosophy. This selection of Descartes' writings attempt to answer central questions surrounding self, God, free-will and knowledge, using the science of thought as opposed to received wisdom based on the tenets of faith.
An Analysis of Rene Descartes's Meditations on First Philosophy
René Descartes’s 1641 Meditations on First Philosophy is a cornerstone of the history of western thought. One of the most important philosophical texts ever written, it is also a masterclass in the art of critical thinking – specifically when it comes to reasoning and interpretation. Descartes sought to do nothing less than create a new foundation for the pursuit of knowledge – whether philosophical, scientific, or theological. To that end, he laid out a systematic programme that reinterpreted prior definitions of knowledge, and reasoned out a systematic means of obtaining, verifying, and building on existing human knowledge. To this end, Descartes created a definition of true knowledge as that which is based on things which cannot be called into doubt by radical scepticism. If, he suggests, we can find a belief that cannot be called into doubt, this will provide a solid foundation upon which we can build systematic reasoning. This ‘cartesian’ method, as it has come to be known, is a blueprint for reasoning that continues to shape the study of philosophy today: a careful weighing of possibilities, searching out solid ground and building on it step by step.
