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Ensayos sobre la historia de Cartagena de Indias
En las últimas tres décadas la historiografía sobre Cartagena de Indias se ha expandido en sus horizontes temáticos, métodos, fuentes y aplicación de disciplinas auxiliares de la historia. Este libro contiene una muestra de algunas de las nuevas tendencias en la historiografía de la Costa Caribe colombiana. El lector hallará aquí estudios desde muchas perspectivas: la aqueología, la historía económica, social y política, el desarrollo urbano, la salud pública y las artes. Son trabajos escritos por reconocidos especialistas que tocan todos los períodos de la historia de Cartagena, desde antes de la llegada de los españoles hasta el siglo XX. Este texto será de obligada referencia para quienes quieran seguir profundizando en el estudio de la historia cartagenera.
Decentralizing Development
Decentralization has become a fashionable policy prescription among reformers in Latin America. But how does it work in practice? Are the claims that it promotes efficiency, participation, and fiscal responsibility justified? Does the process improve the delivery of social services at thelocal level and encourage the participation of local communities? What conditions allow a positive response to the challenges of decentralization?This book seeks to explore these questions by examining the experience of seven medium sized provincial towns in Colombia and Chile. The overall national context is analyzed and the differences between the two countries emphasized. Colombia embarked on a process of...
Hazard Mitigation Grant Program Desk Reference (FEMA 345)
FEMA's Hazard Mitigation Grant Program is a powerful resource in the combined effort by Federal, State, and local government, as well as private industry and homeowners, to end the cycle of repetitive disaster damage. The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act was passed on November 23, 1988, amending Public Law 93-288, the Disaster Relief Act of 1974. The Stafford Act included Section 404, which established the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program. In 1993, the Hazard Mitigation and Relocation Act amended Section 404 to increase the amount of HMGP funds available and the cost-share to 75 percent Federal. This amendment also encouraged the use of property acquisition and ...
Resource Blessing, Revenue Curse? Domestic Revenue Effort in Resource-Rich Countries
This paper uses a newly constructed revenue dataset of 35 resource-rich countries for the period 1992-2009 to analyze the impact of expanding resource revenues on different types of domestic (non resource) tax revenues. Overall, we find a statistically significant negative relationship between resource revenues and total domestic (non resource) revenues, including for the major tax components. For each additional percentage point of GDP in resource revenues, there is a reduction in domestic (non resource) revenues of about 0.3 percentage points of GDP. We find this primarily occurs through reduced effort on taxes on goods and services—in particular, the VAT— followed by a smaller negative impact on corporate income and trade taxes.
Violence, Conflict, and Politics in Colombia
7. A Concluding Note
How Big (Small?) are Fiscal Multipliers?
We contribute to the intense debate on the real effects of fiscal stimuli by showing that the impact of government expenditure shocks depends crucially on key country characteristics, such as the level of development, exchange rate regime, openness to trade, and public indebtedness. Based on a novel quarterly dataset of government expenditure in 44 countries, we find that (i) the output effect of an increase in government consumption is larger in industrial than in developing countries, (ii) the fisscal multiplier is relatively large in economies operating under predetermined exchange rate but zero in economies operating under flexible exchange rates; (iii) fiscal multipliers in open economies are lower than in closed economies and (iv) fiscal multipliers in high-debt countries are also zero.
The Urban Poor in Latin America
About half of the region's poor live in cities, and policy makers across Latin America are increasingly interested in policy advice on how to design programmes and policies to tackle poverty. This publication argues that the causes of poverty, the nature of deprivation, and the policy levers to fight poverty are, to a large extent, site specific. It therefore focuses on strategies to assist the urban poor in making the most of the opportunities offered by cities, such as larger labour markets and better services, while helping them cope with the negative aspects, such as higher housing costs, pollution, risk of crime and less social capital.
Post-conflict Economic Recovery
The UNDP Crisis Prevention and Recovery Report 2008 titled Post-Conflict Economic Recovery: Enabling Local Ingenuity, is a comprehensive analysis focusing on three critical factors: the importance of local ingenuity to guide recovery, the state s role in promoting this ingenuity, and the policies needed to rebuild battered economies and reduce the risk of conflict recurrence. The study cites examples of countries that have succeeded in rekindling post-conflict economies and those that continue to flounder, discussing the foundations that are so vital to foster post-conflict economic recovery.
Spatially Integrated Social Science
Thinking spatially in the social sciences / Michael F. Goodchild and Donald G. Janelle -- Inferring the behavior of households from remotely sensed changes in land cover : current methods and future directions / Bruce Boucek and Emilio F. Moran -- Geovisualization of human activity patterns using 3D GIS : a time-geographic approach / Mei-Po Kwan and Jiyeong Lee -- Agent-based modeling : from individual residential choice to urban residential dynamics / Itzhak Benenson. Too much of the wrong kind of data : implications for the practice of micro-scale spatial modeling / David O'Sullivan -- Neighborhood-level analysis. Identifying ethnic neighborhoods with census data : group concentration and ...
