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Distillation Processes
Distillation is an important separation technique that has been used for many centuries to exploit the volatility differences between components in a mixture. The distillation process has many variations and applications. This book includes two sections on desalination and reactive distillation. It discusses desalination in the processes of solar and membrane distillation, with a focus on the reduction of energy costs to obtain potable water. It also discusses reactive distillation, which can be used in some cases to reduce the power duty in the separation process by using the reaction heat directly in the separation. The book includes cases of mathematical modeling, simulation, and optimization of the distillation process.
Ethanol and Glycerol Chemistry - Production, Modelling, Applications, and Technological Aspects
Due to their unique physicochemical properties, low cost, and wide availability, ethanol and glycerol have gained attention for their use as alternative feedstocks in the sustainable production of several commodity and specialty products. As a result, during the last decades, there has been intense research aimed at developing the potential applications of these biomass-derived compounds. Ethanol and Glycerol Chemistry - Production, Modelling, Applications, and Technological Aspects discusses recent advances and different aspects of the production, direct applications, and processing of ethanol and glycerol from a multidisciplinary perspective that includes the medical field, fuels, and chemical synthesis.
Advanced Distillation Technologies
Distillation has historically been the main method for separating mixtures in the chemical process industry. However, despite the flexibility and widespread use of distillation processes, they still remain extremely energy inefficient. Increased optimization and novel distillation concepts can deliver substantial benefits, not just in terms of significantly lower energy use, but also in reducing capital investment and improving eco-efficiency. While likely to remain the separation technology of choice for the next few decades, there is no doubt that distillation technologies need to make radical changes in order to meet the demands of the energy-conscious society. Advanced Distillation Techn...
Biodiesel
This book entitled "Biodiesel: Quality, Emissions and By-products" covers topics related to biodiesel quality, performance of combustion engines that use biodiesel and the emissions they generate. New routes to determinate biodiesel properties are proposed and the process how the raw material source, impurities and production practices can affect the quality of the biodiesel is analyzed. In relation to the utilization of biofuel, the performance of combustion engines fuelled by biodiesel and biodiesels blends are evaluated. The applications of glycerol, a byproduct of the biodiesel production process as a feedstock for biotechnological processes, and a key compound of the biorefinery of the future is also emphasized.
Of Love and Papers
A free open access ebook is available upon publication. Learn more at www.luminosoa.org. Of Love and Papers explores how immigration policies are fundamentally reshaping Latino families. Drawing on two waves of interviews with undocumented young adults, Enriquez investigates how immigration status creeps into the most personal aspects of everyday life, intersecting with gender to constrain family formation. The imprint of illegality remains, even upon obtaining DACA or permanent residency. Interweaving the perspectives of US citizen romantic partners and children, Enriquez illustrates the multigenerational punishment that limits the upward mobility of Latino families. Of Love and Papers sparks an intimate understanding of contemporary US immigration policies and their enduring consequences for immigrant families.
Building Biodiesel
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Catalyst Deactivation 1997
Catalyst Deactivation 1997 focused on 9 key topical areas: carbon deposition and coke formation, chemicals, environmental catalysis, modeling, petroleum processing, poisoning, syngas conversion, techniques, and thermal degradation. All of these areas were well represented at the meeting; moreover, several review articles were presented that provide perspectives on new research and development thrusts. The proceedings of the meeting are organized with six review and award articles at the front of the volume followed by topical articles a keynote, 5-6 oral, and 2-3 poster papers. A list of authors is provided at the end of the book. It should be emphasized that all of the papers were ranked and reviewed by members of the Scientific Committee.
Science and Technology in Catalysis
Unsteady-state operations of catalytic reactors provide plentiful opportunities for research and commercial realization of efficient heterogeneous catalytic processes. Forced unsteady state conditions generate unique distributions of process parameters and catalyst states often unattainable with traditional, steady-state operation. The unsteady-states can be created by periodic changes in input flow parameters, such as changes in inlet temperature and composition, catalyst circulation through reaction and regeneration zones, or periodic flow reversals through fixed catalyst bed. This can result in increased productivity, selectivity, capital savings and operating cost reduction (higher energ...
Spillover and Mobility of Species on Solid Surfaces
"Spillover and Mobility of Species and Solid Surfaces" collects the papers which were presented at the Fifth International Conference Spillover, either as oral or poster contributions, as well as the summaries of the invited lectures. This congress and its publication in the Studies on Surface Science and Catalysis series follow the tradition of previous conferences on spillover, initiated in Lyon, 1983, and continued in Leipzig, 1989, Kyoto 1993 and Dalian, 1997. For the fifth conference, held in S.L. el Escorial (Madrid), the organising committee has attempted to compile representative contributions which illustrate the advances in understanding the spillover phenomenon since 1997. Spillov...
O Poder transformador dos Biocombustíveis
Nesta obra, buscamos apresentar as diversas variáveis que devem compor a equação para a decisão de qual o melhor combustível a usar. Alguns fatores relevantes estão presentes na legislação, em acordos internacionais, tendências mundiais, oportunidade de mercado e em análises sociais, econômicas, ambientais e de saúde pública. Tratamos uma questão fundamental para a perspectiva do consumidor: a diferenciação entre o preço e o valor dos biocombustíveis. Analisamos as externalidades que os combustíveis carregam desde a produção até o uso, incluindo os instrumentos que facilitam ou dificultam o consumo. Uma análise dos principais objetivos e princípios da Lei de Política...
