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Biochemical and Physiological Evaluation of Human Subjects in a Life Support Systems Evaluator
A 6-week study with four college students as volunteer subjects was conducted for the purpose of evaluating the nutritional requirements of individuals undergoing stresses imposed by simulated aerospace conditions. A 4-day cycle diet of fresh foods was served at room temperature each day; it was comprised of 110 g of protein, 315 g of carbohydrate, 80 g of fat and 2621 calories. All the clinical data were in the normal range and no significant differences were observed between control and the confinement in the Life Support Systems Evaluator. Metabolic balances show excellent adjustment to the diet; all subjects were in positive nitrogen balance. Physiological measurements of heart rate, blood pressure and oral temperature were in the normal ranges. Minimal body weight changes were observed indicating that the diet was adequate.
Comparison of Organoeleptic Acceptability of Liquid and Fresh Diets
Data on the organoleptic acceptability of a liquid diet formula with a variety of flavors and two other diets composed of fresh foods was obtained from eight subjects during two, forty-two day experiments. An analysis of the acceptability ratings permits the following conclusions to be made: (a) Even when variety is limited, the acceptability of a fresh food diet is considerably higher than the acceptability of a liquid formula when given as the sole source of nutriment. (b) The bittersweet chocolate-flavored beverage was preferred over the other flavors. (c) Differences inherent among individuals cause statistically significant variation in food acceptability ratings. (d) Over an extended period of time, monotony may be overcome by incorporating a liquid formula into a diet composed primarily of solid foods. This approach merits further investigation. (Author).
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
The Biochemical, Physiological, and Metabolic Evaluation of Human Subjects Wearing Pressure Suits and on a Diet of Precooked Freeze Dehydrated Foods
Eight human male volunteers participated in two 6-week simulated aerospace studies. During this time the subjects wore an unpressurized MA-10 pressure suit for 16 consecutive days and ate a 4-day cycle diet composed of precooked freeze dehydrated foods or a matched 4-day cycle diet composed of fresh foods. The food was served at room temperature. Each diet was comprised of about 330 g of carbohydrate, 95 g of crude protein, 87 g of fat, and 2500 kcal per day. The diets were organoleptically acceptable and efficiently utilized. Only minimal weight changes were observed. Metabolic balances showed adequate adjustment to the diets; all subjects were in positive balance for nitrogen and for the major inorganic constituents. The wearing of the MA-10 pressure suit did not affect protein or caloric requirements but water intake did increase significantly by 17%. There were no significant changes in blood pressure or oral temperature. All other clinical measurements were in the normal range of clinical values. All subjects maintained excellent health throughout all the test periods. (Author).
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