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Reinforcement learning, sometimes known as RL, is a catchall word that refers to both a learning problem and a subfield in machine learning. In the context of a problem involving learning, this refers to the process of determining how to guide a computer toward an arbitrary numerical objective. The process of reinforcement learning may be seen in its usual application in the controller is provided with both the present state of the system under their control as well as the reward earned from the most recent transition. After that, the system will calculate an answer and then provide it to you. Because of this, the system goes through a state transition, and the process starts all over again....
This ability to make sense of the world in all of its three dimensions seems to be something that comes naturally to us. When you examine the flowers that are in the vase that is sitting on the table nearby, you should think about how clear your vision of three-dimensional space is. The intricate patterns of light and shadow that dance across the surface of the flower is shown in Figure 1.1. These patterns disclose the outline of the bloom as well as its translucent quality. Through the use of these patterns, the scene is visually differentiated from the background. When you look at the faces of the people in a framed group picture, you can not only recognize each individual, but you can also count them and even determine their emotions. Despite the fact that perceptual psychologists have spent decades trying to figure out how the visual system works on the inside (Figure1.3), and despite the fact that they have been successful in constructing optical illusions1 to throw light on certain principles, a definitive solution to this mystery has not yet been discovered.
El envejecimiento de la población está derivando en un serio problema social y económico, que será mayor cuanta menos autonomía tenga la persona mayor. El manual justifica la necesidad de prevenir dicha dependencia física y cognitiva -consecuencia de un proceso de envejecimiento precoz y patológico-, a través de un programa de acondicionamiento físico multicomponente que mejore la capacidad funcional y poder desarrollar con eficiencia las actividades cotidianas. Se trata de un programa de intervención que incorpora el trabajo de varias capacidades físicas (aeróbica, fuerza, coordinación, equilibrio, etc.) de forma simultánea al desarrollo cognitivo y emocional. El objetivo pretendido es presentar una propuesta metodológica, novedosa y diferenciadora, proponiendo juegos y tareas psicomotrices diseñadas específicamente para mejorar la función fisiológica y la reserva cognitiva, incidiendo en la prevención de diferentes enfermedades crónicas que aceleran el tránsito de la fragilidad a la discapacidad y, de esta, a la dependencia física y cognitiva.
A co-publication of the World Bank, International Finance Corporation and Oxford University Press
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Based on the findings of a three year research project carried out in New Zealand, this text proposes a model of teacher development as social, personal and professional development. The factors that helped teacher development are discussed, as is a view of learning to underpin teacher development.
A new way of thinking about data science and data ethics that is informed by the ideas of intersectional feminism. Today, data science is a form of power. It has been used to expose injustice, improve health outcomes, and topple governments. But it has also been used to discriminate, police, and surveil. This potential for good, on the one hand, and harm, on the other, makes it essential to ask: Data science by whom? Data science for whom? Data science with whose interests in mind? The narratives around big data and data science are overwhelmingly white, male, and techno-heroic. In Data Feminism, Catherine D'Ignazio and Lauren Klein present a new way of thinking about data science and data e...