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THE INDUSTRY THAT FORGED THE MODERN WORLD Throughout history metals and raw materials have underpinned human activity. So it is that the industry responsible for extracting these materials from the ground - mining - has been ever present throughout the history of civilisation, from the ancient world of the Egyptians and Romans, to the industrial revolution and the British Empire, and through to the present day, with mining firms well represented on the world's most important stock indexes including the FTSE100. This book traces the history of mining from those early moments when man first started using tools to the present day where metals continue to underpin economic activity in the post i...
A new breed of powerhouse companies from the emerging markets is catching their Western competitors off-guard. Household names of today - IBM, Ford, Wal-Mart - are in danger of becoming has-beens as these more innovative superstars rise to dominance, representing both an urgent competitive challenge and an unprecedented investment and business opportunity. Understanding how they have become world-class market leaders - and where they are going next - is crucial to an understanding of the future of globalization. Training his brilliant investor's eye on the top twenty-five of these emerging market companies, visionary international investment analyst Antoine van Agtmael takes readers into the...
The Interoceanic Highway is many things to many people: an emblematic project during a period focused on integration, a dream realized for an isolated region, a symbol of the profound fragility of state institutions, a key cause of political corruption, and a major driver of ecological and cultural devastation. This highway links the Andean highlands with the Amazonian lowlands in southern Peru, offering an outlet for Brazil’s emergent economy. While it finally brought an end to the isolation of Madre de Dios and other parts of southern Peru and the western Amazon, it was made possible by political corruption revealed in the Lava Jato scandal, and it permitted the spread of criminal busine...
Over the last 50 years, human activities - particularly the burning of fossil fuels - have released sufficient quantities of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases to trap additional heat in the lower atmosphere and addict the global climate in the last 130 years, the world has warmed by approximately 0.85oC. Each of the last 3 decades has been successively warmer than any preceding decade since 1850. The seas levels are rising glaciers are melting and precipitation patterns are changing. Extreme weather events are becoming more intense and frequent. Although global warming may bring some localized benefits, such as fewer winter deaths in temperate climates and increased food production in certain areas, the overall health effects of changing climate are likely to be overwhelmingly negative. Climate change affects social and environmental determinants of health - clean air, safe drinking water, sufficient food and secure shelter.
Presenting an introduction to the theory of Hopf algebras, the authors also discuss some important aspects of the theory of Lie algebras. This book includes a chapters on the Hopf algebra of symmetric functions, the Hopf algebra of representations of the symmetric groups, the Hopf algebras of the nonsymmetric and quasisymmetric functions, and the Hopf algebra of permutations.
Discusses the technical, environmental, social and legal issues surrounding extraction in tropical forests, and argues for better conservation practices and selective usage.
The Light Metals symposia at the TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition present the most recent developments, discoveries, and practices in primary aluminum science and technology. The annual Light Metals volume has become the definitive reference in the field of aluminum production and related light metal technologies. The 2018 collection includes papers from the following symposia: 1.Alumina and Bauxite2.Aluminum Alloys, Processing, and Characterization3.Aluminum Reduction Technology4.Cast Shop Technology5. Cast Shop Technology: Energy Joint Session6. Cast Shop Technology: Fundamentals of Aluminum Alloy Solidification Joint Session7. Cast Shop Technology: Recycling and Sustainability Joint Session8. Electrode Technology for Aluminum Production9. Perfluorocarbon Generation and Emissions from Industrial Processes10. Scandium Extraction and Use in Aluminum Alloys
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The symposium held in honour of the 60th birthday of Graeme Segal brought together leading physicists and mathematicians. Its topics were centred around string theory, M-theory, and quantum gravity on the one hand, and K-theory, elliptic cohomology, quantum cohomology and string topology on the other. Geometry and quantum physics developed in parallel since the recognition of the central role of non-abelian gauge theory in elementary particle physics in the late seventies and the emerging study of super-symmetry and string theory. With its selection of survey and research articles these proceedings fulfil the dual role of reporting on developments in the field and defining directions for future research. For the first time Graeme Segal's manuscript 'The definition of Conformal Field Theory' is published, which has been greatly influential over more than ten years. An introduction by the author puts it into the present context.