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While sanctions are usually seen as legitimate means of enforcing established norms, the Cuban embargo itself appears to be the wrongful act, and its persistence puts into question the importance and function of international law. This book examines the history, legality and effects of the US sanctions of Cuba over the last fifty years. Nigel D. White argues that the Cuban embargo has become a matter of politics and ideology; subject to apparently illegitimate coercion that has resulted in a fifty-year global toleration of what appears to be a serious violation of international law.
This eye-opening account of the futility of forcing political change through economic pressure describes countless cases in which economic warfare repeatedly failed to achieve its stated goals and actually caused substantial harm to innocent populations.
Drawing on newly available archival materials from the Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter Presidential Libraries, James F. Goode offers a revolutionary analysis of the complex factors leading to the imposition and continuance of the 1975–1978 Turkish Arms Embargo. He demonstrates that, alone, the human rights issues surrounding the Republic of Turkey's invasion of Cyprus fail to explain the resulting US-Turkish estrangement. Instead, he contends, factors including deep-seated "Turkophobia," growing concern about a deadly heroin epidemic in the United States, and pro-Greek lobbies played important roles in heightening tensions and extending the embargo. This timely study will not only change how this period is understood, but it will also provide valuable insights into the future of international relations in the Middle East and beyond.
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This text details and analyzes the effects of the US embargo on Cuban society and the response of Cuba and its population to overcoming its consequences whilst raising the question of how extensively the implementation of the embargo violates the human rights of Cuba and its citizens. The political dynamic among Cuba, Europe and the United States is observed within the context of the embargo cum blockade along with the political outcome each struggled to reach. Cuba and the Eastern Caribbean serves as a case study of how the US attempted to isolate Cuba using military and economic means, and how Fidel Castro responded. Who won and who lost is an important consideration more decisive is the nature of the struggle.
Examines the development of Soviet-West German relations from both the Russian and German sides.
The United States and Cuba share a complex, fractious, interconnected history. Before 1959, the United States was the island nation's largest trading partner. But in swift reaction to Cuba's communist revolution, the United States severed all economic ties between the two nations, initiating the longest trade embargo in modern history, one that continues to the presentday. The Cuban Embargo examines the changing politics of U.S. policy toward Cuba over the more than four decades since the revolution.While the U.S. embargo policy itself has remained relatively stable since its origins during the heart of the Cold War, the dynamics that produce and govern that policy have changed dramatically....
The completely revised and updated Export Control and Embargo Handbook, Second Edition provides the latest information and analysis of the embargo, transaction and currency controls administered by the Treasury Department, useful for both exporting from the U.S. and re-exporting U.S. origin goods and technology. In-depth analysis of the key United States export restrictions on 'dual use' goods, software and technology, defence articles, technology and services, and nuclear equipment and technology make this volume an invaluable asset for all exporters and their counsel. The handbook offers a detailed analysis of licensing requirements and exceptions, while providing convenient access to the latest regulations an analysis of the Export Administration Regulations (EAR), International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR), nuclear export regulations, and Treasury Department embargo regulations. Also examines: - Types of controls - Classifications and advisory opinions - Export clearance requirements - Record keeping - Enforcement proceedings - Registrations and agreements - Technical assistance agreements - Manufacturing license agreement.