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"Reforming the intelligence agencies is essential when a state transitions from authoritarianism to democracy. But what kinds of reforms matter, how do we know when there has been transformation, and how and where do authoritarian legacies persist? Sofia Tzamarelou conducts a comparative examination of three cases, the democratic transitions of Portugal, Greece, and Spain during the 1970s. She draws important conclusions about how to ensure thorough reform and what happens when intelligence democratization is incomplete. She does this through the lens of five Security Sector Reform (SSR) indicators: Lustration, Control & Oversight, Collection, Recruitment, and Civil Society. Although these three European countries started their transition around the same time, they present significantly different results. Legacies of the past and legacy personnel emerge as the main barriers to reform. Other important findings are the relationship between consumers and producers of intelligence and the role of civil society. The study is unique due to the source material used, the countries studied, and its comparative framework for the study of intelligence democratization"--
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This volume presents papers from the 4th International Conference on Water & Society. The focus of the conference was to encourage trans-disciplinary communication on issues related to the nature of water, and its use and exploitation by society. The valuable research contained in this book demonstrates the need to bridge the gap between specialists in physical sciences, biology, environmental sciences and health. The availability of clean and inexpensive water can no longer be taken for granted as the need for water continues to increase due a growing global population. Heavy water consumers such as agriculture and industry often contribute to its contamination. Water distribution networks ...
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This book includes more than 30 papers from the first FZU-OPU-NTOU Joint Symposium on Advanced Mechanical Science and Technology for the Industrial Revolution 4.0, held at Fuzhou University, China, in December 2016. The symposium was organized by Fuzhou University (FZU), Osaka Prefecture University (OPU) and National Taiwan Ocean University (NTOU). The authors include several professors from universities in China, Japan, and Taiwan as well as four distinguished invited professors from Canada, Korea, Japan, and Taiwan. The book covers all important aspects related to the 4.0 industrial revolution: robotics and mechatronics; sensors, measurements, and instrumentation; mechanical dynamics and controls; mechanical design; vehicle systems and technologies; fluid mechanics; monitoring and diagnosis, prognosis, and health management; advanced signal processing; and big data; all of which are subjects with great potential in the field of mechanical engineering.
Natural and constructed wetlands play a very important role within the landscape and their ecological services are highly valuable. Water management, including flood water retention, biomass production, carbon sequestration, wastewater treatment and as a biodiversity source are among the most important ecological services of wetlands. In order to provide these services, wetlands need to be properly evaluated, protected and maintained. This book provides results of the latest research in wetland science around the world. Chapters deal with such topics as the use of constructed wetlands for treatment of various types of wastewater, use of constructed wetlands in agroforestry, wetland hydrology and evapotranspiration, the effect of wetlands on landscape temperature, and chemical properties of wetland soils.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Hybrid Artificial Intelligent Systems, HAIS 2021, held in Bilbao, Spain, in September 2021. The 44 full and 11 short papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 81 submissions. The papers are grouped into these topics: data mining, knowledge discovery and big data; bio-inspired models and evolutionary computation; learning algorithms; visual analysis and advanced data processing techniques; machine learning applications; hybrid intelligent applications; deep learning applications; and optimization problem applications.
Most global optimization literature focuses on theory. This book, however, contains descriptions of new implementations of general-purpose or problem-specific global optimization algorithms. It discusses existing software packages from which the entire community can learn. The contributors are experts in the discipline of actually getting global optimization to work, and the book provides a source of ideas for people needing to implement global optimization software.