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We are publishing this book as the result of a research project carried out by the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria in Spain and AFM Krakow University in Poland. Some parts of it were already announced during a scientific Conference organised remotely in Kraków in October 2020. It is now time to present the research findings in writing.The issue of Artificial Intelligence has long raised questions and interests, including those of legal science. A number of problems have not yet been widely analysed, despite the fact that the present time is undoubtedly a time of technological challenges. Therefore, in the presented publication, prepared by the international scientific community, un...
El desarrollo tecnológico en el ámbito de las TIC de la última década hace necesaria una reflexión sobre la situación actual de los derechos humanos en este nuevo escenario en el que convergen factores de diversa índole que propician riesgos de gran calado sobre todo para los derechos relativos a la vida privada. La expansión de Internet, con la aparición y consolidación de nuevos servicios utilizados por millones de personas en todo el mundo, el desarrollo de las tecnologías que integran el Internet de las cosas y la «tecnología vestible», la proliferación de los sistemas de geolocalización, entre otros, han propiciado un aumento sin precedentes en la cantidad de informació...
Environmental justice and social justice are well established concepts in social research. This book goes beyond the established discourse to show how Geographic Information Systems can unveil higher levels of spatial unfairness when both forms of injustice coincide in the same place. Territorial injustice is the result of the disproportionately higher exposure of vulnerable communities to pollution and environmental risks. Overlapping layers of georeferenced environmental and social information generate maps depicting territorial injustice which can be a powerful tool to facilitate social dialogue and prompt policy change. This volume brings approaches from ten Latin American countries to demonstrate how the interdisciplinarity between law and Geographic Information Systems can contribute to the development of fairer public policies, and prevent and mitigate cases of extreme injustice. The case studies presented are relevant to support the development of geolaw, and to inspire pragmatic strategies aimed both at social justice and environmental sustainability.
Populist authoritarian governments have jeopardized the human rights accomplishments of the 20th century. Ensuring their fulfillment has become a challenge for these governments and an issue for human rights defenders seeking to find ways to resist anti-democratic actions. This book seeks to expose the crisis of human rights at the hands of people who, despite rising to power through democratic means, now see democracy as a limiting institution that must be dismantled urgently. Restrictions on civil society and arbitrary detentions are some of the reasons why this populist and authoritarian vision is incompatible with human rights, which are guaranteed to some and denied to others. Through various narratives, the authors seek to recognize new spaces for struggle—such as political activism—to develop action-research tools in a context of crisis.
Presenting an integrated approach to information exchange among law enforcement institutions within the EU, this book addresses the dilemma surrounding the need to balance the security of individuals and the need to protect their privacy and data. Providing the reader with a comprehensive analysis of information exchange tools, exploring their history, political background, the most recent legal modifications and the advantages and disadvantages of their use, it includes a comparison between different information exchange tools. Written by an author who has worked as a police officer, Home Affairs counsellor and academic, this is an important read for scholars working with EU Law, Criminal Procedure Law, and International Law as well as for practitioners who directly deal with international police cooperation or who perform criminal investigation both within and outside the EU.
La utilización de los datos genéticos abre nuevas posibilidades de conocimiento en el ámbito público y privado. Las posible ventajas que aporta este conocimiento hay que ponderarlas con los riesgos, ya sean potenciales o reales, para la libertad y la identidad de la persona y, por lo tanto, para sus derechos fundamentales. El conocimiento sobre los datos genéticos otorga a quien los recopila y archiva un poder más amplio que el almacenamiento de otro tipo de información de carácter personal, posibilitando prácticas de control más precisas sobre el individuo; de ahí su interés en sectores como el de los seguros o el de la investigación criminal. Sin embargo, si la utilización de...
Atualmente, a encriptac?o e uma resposta aos problemas que a privacidade enfrenta no plano digital, colocando dificuldades a investigac?o criminal. Assim, reclamam-se novos meios de obtenc?o da prova, surgindo a utilizac?o de malware como uma soluc?o, discutida e consagrada na legislac?o de diversos paises europeus e nos EUA. Trata-se de um mecanismo "camaleonico" e sui generis, potenciador da obtenc?o de uma enorme quantidade de dados dos sistemas informaticos. Todavia, se por um lado a sua utilizac?o se justifica em nome da descoberta da verdade material e da realizac?o da justica, por outro assiste-se a uma restric?o de direitos fundamentais. A avancar-se com a sua previs?o legal em Portugal, exigir-se-a a observancia de um conjunto de requisitos para que seja legal e constitucionalmente admissivel.
Una de las mayores inquietudes sociales de nuestro tiempo es la que surge en relación con la degradación de medioambiental de nuestro planeta. A la inquietud difusa que provoca el cambio climático hay que sumar la de sus manifestaciones más evidentes, con sequías cada vez más graves en diversos lugares y distantes países o mayores y más devastadores fenómenos meteorológicos, como huracanes o inundaciones. Todos estos fenómenos influyen en la vida de los seres humanos y afectan directamente a su calidad de vida y bienestar e inciden en el disfrute efectivo de sus derechos fundamentales. En este contexto, investigadores de varias universidades españolas y brasileñas, desde su prop...