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Microwave Heating
More than 80 years of experience in the practical application of electromagnetic energy in various fields of human activity (industry, agriculture, science, medicine, etc.) suggests that microwave heating is an effective application of electromagnetic energy. This book presents the latest investigations on the applications of microwave energy and the effects of microwave radiation on various materials and mediums. Divided into two sections on thermal and nonthermal effects, this volume contains eight chapters that examine the use of microwave energy to extract bioactive compounds from plant materials, for rock-breaking operations, to synthesize functional dyes and nanomaterials, and more.
Emerging Microwave Technologies in Industrial, Agricultural, Medical and Food Processing
Recently, the rapid development of microwave technologies has had a significant impact on current industrial, agricultural, medical, and food processing fields. This book is a self-contained collection of valuable scholarly papers related to the microwave applications. This book contains 10 chapters that cover several subtopics of the microwave engineering, namely, microwave system design models, emerging microwave devices, and microwave heating/drying technologies. Hence, this book should be useful to the academics, scientists, practicing researchers, and postgraduate students whose works are related to microwave technologies.
Electromagnetic Fields and Waves
In this book, a variety of topics related to electromagnetic fields and waves are extensively discussed. The topics encompass the physics of electromagnetic waves, their interactions with different kinds of media, and their applications and effects.
Electrochemical Methods for the Synthesis and Analysis of Advanced Functional Layers and Coatings
The content of this book is devoted to the synthesis of advanced nano-materials and layers by application of electrochemical methods. Examples for their applications in fuel cells, batteries, photovoltaics, magnetic materials, environmentally friendly anticorrosion coatings and surface pretreatments, especially anodization are provided. Cu-metallization of non-conductive substrates is proposed, as well. In addition, electrochemical coating of copper surfaces by Ni-Co, Ni-P, Co-P and Ni-Co-P alloys with catalytic and magnetic properties is described in detail. The application of such layers is proposed PEMFC bipolar plates, after additional coating by polytetrafluoroethylene. The topic of the surface phosphatation is further extended by brief study of the properties of cesium dihydrogen phosphate for potential application in the fuel cell technology. Meanwhile, the Zn and Al anodization, as metal surface treatment approach is also proposed. Among the electrochemical analytical methods, special attention is turned to Electrochemical Noise analysis, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, and to classical potentiodynamic scanning techniques.
Functional Dyes
In the last 10 years organic dyes, traditionally used for coloring textiles and other materials, have become increasingly important in the hi-tech industries of electronics and optoelectronics. They can be used in optical data storage, new solar cells and biomedical sensors.Functional Dyes discusses the synthesis of these new, high-value dyes and pigments as well as their applications and performance. The chapters are arranged so that the reader logically advances from the fundamental concepts to more practical aspects of the technology in which they are used.In providing the reader with current information on functional dye chemistry, as well as important developments within the field, Func...
Microwave-assisted Extraction for Bioactive Compounds
With increasing energy prices and the drive to reduce CO2 emissions, food industries are challenged to find new technologies in order to reduce energy consumption, to meet legal requirements on emissions, product/process safety and control, and for cost reduction and increased quality as well as functionality. Extraction is one of the promising innovation themes that could contribute to sustainable growth in the chemical and food industries. For example, existing extraction technologies have considerable technological and scientific bottlenecks to overcome, such as often requiring up to 50% of investments in a new plant and more than 70% of total process energy used in food, fine chemicals a...
The Big Backyard
Thousands of years ago, humans believed that Earth was the center of the universe, that the world they lived on was all there was. Truthfully, the solar system extends almost halfway to the nearest star. And it is composed of not only planets, asteroids, and comets, but also powerful forces and vast fields of energy. This is our solar system’s big backyard. The cold, dark world that lies at the farthest reaches of our solar system holds a vast collection of secrets, and for most of human history, we had no idea anything was out there. But, driven by curiosity and equipped with new technology, astronomers have determined that beyond the orbit of Neptune are countless icy comets, strange par...
William Frederick Denning
This book provides a detailed biographical account of the industrious late nineteenth-century astronomer William Frederick Denning who, in later life, rose to be a celebrated public figure and a highly respected amateur astronomer. The book also examines Denning’s many contributions to the astronomy of his time. As an indomitable promotor of amateur astronomy, Denning was closely involved in the formation of the short-lived, but historically pivotal, Observational Astronomy Society (OAS) in 1869. Readers will learn about the origins and the observational programs initiated by the OAS, and the author also presents a series of biographical sketches of its most industrious members. Furthermor...
Proceedings of the Twenty Seventh General Assembly Rio de Janeiro 2009
A complete record of the formal organisational and administrative proceedings of the XXVII General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union.
