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Biomarkers of Radiation in the Environment
This proceedings volume results from the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on 'Biomarkers of Radiation in the Environment: Robust Tools for Risk Assessment (BRITE)’. The BRITE workshop discussed insights from cancer research, epigenetics, non-human and human risk assessment, since many of the state-of-the-art biomarkers being developed for humans deserve consideration for environmental applications and vice versa. Sessions were very wide-ranging covering methods, mechanisms, cross disciplinary application and regulation. The chapters in this book have been grouped into five major themes that were covered by the BRITE workshop: · Techniques for biomarker development · Low-dose effect mechan...
Proceedings of 9th International Conference on Optics, Photonics & Lasers 2018
July 02-04, 2018 Berlin, Germany Key Topics : Optical Imaging and Sensing, Lasers and Nonlinear Optics, Optoelectronics, Applied Industrial Optics, Fiber Laser Technology, Photonics, Nano and Qauntum Sciences, Optical Technologies, Lasers in Medicine, Optics in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Optical Communications and Networking, Quantum Optics, Laser Systems, Surface Enhanced Spectroscopy, Optical Fiber, Latest Technologies in Photonics and Lasers, Industrial Applications of Laser and Photonics-Overview, Challenges and Current Trends,
Metal Nanocrystals
Our society depends heavily on metals. They are ubiquitous construction materials, critical interconnects in integrated circuits, common coinage materials, and more. Excitingly, new uses for metals are emerging with the advent of nanoscience, as metal crystals with nanoscale dimensions can display new and tunable properties. The optical and photothermal properties of metal nanocrystals have led to cancer diagnosis and treatment platforms now in clinical trials, while, at the same time, the ability to tune the surface features of metal nanocrystals is giving rise to designer catalysts that enable more sustainable use of precious resources. These are just two examples of how metal nanocrystals are addressing important social needs.
Clinical Applications of the Electron Beam
There has been an explosion in the knowledge, techniques, and clinical application of radiology in all of its specialities. This book describes the uses of the high-energy electron beam in the treatment of cancer. The author uses actual clinical histories and documents, including photographs.
Chirality, Magnetism and Magnetoelectricity
This book discusses theoretical and experimental advances in metamaterial structures, which are of fundamental importance to many applications in microwave and optical-wave physics and materials science. Metamaterial structures exhibit time-reversal and space-inversion symmetry breaking due to the effects of magnetism and chirality. The book addresses the characteristic properties of various symmetry breaking processes by studying field-matter interaction with use of conventional electromagnetic waves and novel types of engineered fields: twisted-photon fields, toroidal fields, and magnetoelectric fields. In a system with a combined effect of simultaneous breaking of space and time inversion...
Amplification of Chirality
Amplification of Chirality presents critical reviews of the present position and future trends in modern chemical research. The book contains short and concise reports on chemistry. Each is written by the world renowned experts. Still valid and useful after 5 or 10 years, more information as well as the electronic version of the whole content available at: springerlink.com.
Laser-Driven Particle Acceleration Towards Radiobiology and Medicine
This book deals with the new method of laser-driven acceleration for application to radiation biophysics and medicine. It provides multidisciplinary contributions from world leading scientist in order to assess the state of the art of innovative tools for radiation biology research and medical applications of ionizing radiation. The book contains insightful contributions on highly topical aspects of spatio-temporal radiation biophysics, evolving over several orders of magnitude, typically from femtosecond and sub-micrometer scales. Particular attention is devoted to the emerging technology of laser-driven particle accelerators and their application to spatio-temporal radiation biology and medical physics, customization of non-conventional and selective radiotherapy and optimized radioprotection protocols.
Advances in Food Protection
The global food-supply chain is vulnerable to threats from a variety of directions. Hence food security and safety remains a hot topic worldwide in academic research arenas and food industry practices. This book describes efforts from academia, government, and industry to counter food terrorism and to protect the food supply against any threat. In addition, it evaluates the global food supply, production capabilities, and food availability during and after disasters. Articles in the book assess food safety emergencies, and the prevention of, and response to deliberate contamination by microbial or chemical substances. Minimization of health and economic risks following a terrorist act or unintentional contamination is likewise discussed. The book also examines novel preservation techniques, methods to produce safe food products, and other concerns for ensuring a stable and safe food supply.
Radioactive Particles in the Environment
Radioactive particles have been released to the environment from a number of sources, including nuclear weapon tests, nuclear accidents and discharges from nuclear installations. Particle characteristics influence the mobility, biological uptake and effects of radionuclides, hence information on these characteristics is essential for assessing environmental impact and risks. This publication presents a series of papers covering sources and source term characterisation, methodologies for characterizing particles, and the impact of particles on the behaviour of radioactive particles in the environment. Sources covered include the Chernobyl accident, nuclear weapons accidents at Thule and Palomares accident, the discharges from Dounreay and Krashnoyarsk, and depleted uranium in Kosovo and Kuwait. The overall aim is that an increased understanding of particle characteristics and behavior will help to reduce some of the uncertainties in environmental impact and risk assessment for particle contaminated areas.
Ecotoxicology of Explosives
Managing sites contaminated with munitions constituents is an international challenge. Although the choice of approach and the use of Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) tools may vary from country to country, the assurance of quality and the direction of ecotoxicological research are universally recognized as shared concerns. Drawing on a multidiscip
