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In complex systems, such as our body or a plant, the host is living together with thousands of microbes, which support the entire system in function and health. The stability of a microbiome is influenced by environmental changes, introduction of microbes and microbial communities, or other factors. As learned in the past, microbial diversity is the key and low-diverse microbiomes often mirror out-of-control situations or disease. It is now our task to understand the molecular principles behind the complex interaction of microbes in, on and around us in order to optimize and control the function of the microbial community – by changing the environment or the addition of the right microorga...
For a long time, the tight junction (TJ) was known to form and regulate the paracellular barrier between epithelia and endothelial cell sheets. Starting shortly after the discovery of the proteins forming the TJ—mainly the two families of claudins and TAMPs—several other functions have been discovered, a striking one being the surprising finding that some claudins form paracellular channels for small ions and/or water. This Special Issue includes 43 articles covering numerous dedicated topics including pathogens affecting the TJ barrier, TJ regulation via immune cells, the TJ as a therapeutic target, TJ and cell polarity, function and regulation by proteins of the tricellular TJ, TJ as a regulator of cellular processes, organ- and tissue-specific functions, TJ as sensors and reacting to environmental conditions, and last but not least, TJ proteins and cancer.
Computational methodologies and modeling play a growing role for investigating mechanisms, and for the diagnosis and therapy of human diseases. This progress gave rise to computational medicine, an interdisciplinary field at the interface of computer science and medicine. The main focus of computational medicine lies in the development of data analysis methods and mathematical modeling as well as computational simulation techniques specifically addressing medical problems. In this book, we present a number of computational medicine topics at several scales: from molecules to cells, organs, and organisms. At the molecular level, tools for the analysis of genome variations as well as cloud com...
This book addresses practical issues that reflect the current landscape of GI pathology practice and is organized in such a way that fits the fast-pacing daily life of practicing pathologists. It contains more than 540 questions that address difficult, prevailing and controversial issues in GI pathology that are frequently encountered in daily practice and consult service. For most questions, answers are straightforward with ample literature support. However, true diagnostic controversies and clinical dilemma cannot be easily resolved with current knowledge and available information. To such challenges, an expert approach regarding how to synthesize complicated topics and clearly communicate...
Bacteria are among the earliest forms of life on Earth. Notwithstanding their small size and primitive origin, bacteria still have a tremendous impact on everyday human life. Over the centuries, research into bacteria have provided and enriched the fundamental biological knowledge due to their readily measured processes and effects on higher organisms. Although molecular genetics and microbiology were among the scientific fields that have mostly benefited from the discoveries made in bacteria, our current state of knowledge has gone beyond what anyone could have ever imagined. The present Research Topic aims to cover new and exciting broad aspects of the importance of bacteria to human life,...
This well-illustrated book covers the full range of lung and pleural diseases from the pathologic standpoint. It has been updated from the first edition by including the most recent molecular data for the different lung diseases, tumor as well as non-tumor ones. New diagnostic tests are included, new aspects for the understanding of diseases have been added. Both diseases of adults and pediatric lung diseases are presented. The chapter on lung development has been expanded due to the many new findings being reported since the first edition. The book will serve as an excellent guide to the diagnosis of these diseases, but in addition it explains the disease mechanisms and etiology. Genetics and molecular biology are also discussed whenever necessary for a full understanding. The author is an internationally recognized expert who runs courses on lung and pleural pathology attended by participants from all over the world. In compiling this book, he has drawn on more than 30 years’ experience in the field.
Dr. Hammer has assembled a international list of authors who fully update the topic of chronic diarrhea, from examining the causes of diarrhea (and the appropriate treatments) to various diagnostic tools. Among the topics covered are bacterial flora as a cause or treatment, the value of fecal analysis in the evaluation, circulating secretagogues, functional diarrhea, celiac disease, chronic inflammatory diseases, diarrhea as a symptom of food intolerance, immunosuppression and immune-deficiency, and chronic diarrhea in the developing world.
For nearly 50 years, Sleisenger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease has been the go-to reference for gastroenterology and hepatology residents, fellows, physicians, and the entire GI caregiving team. Now in a fully revised 11th Edition, this two-volume masterwork brings together the knowledge and expertise of hundreds of global experts who keep you up to date with the newest techniques, technologies, and treatments for every clinical challenge you face in gastroenterology and hepatology. A logical organization, more than 1,100 full-color illustrations, and easy-to-use algorithms ensure that you'll quickly and easily find the information you need. - Features new and expanded discu...
Dieses Standardwerk der Pathologie erklärt die Grundlagen und Mechanismen von Erkrankungen und verdeutlicht die Zusammenhänge von Pathologie und Klinik: übersichtlich zum schnellen Nachschlagen und mit vielen Hintergrundinformationen. - Grundlagen und klinische Pathologie klar strukturiert - Die systematische Gliederung der Erkrankungen in Pathogenese, Morphologie und Molekularpathologie zieht sich durch das Buch und wird durch Kästen hervorgehoben – ideal zum schnellen Orientieren - Mehr als 1.300 farbige Abbildungen veranschaulichen pathologische Befunde und erleichtern das Verständnis komplexer ZusammenhängeDie 7. Auflage: - Komplett überarbeitet und aktualisiert - Zahlreiche neu...