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Kinship in Europe
Since the publication of Philippe Ariès’s book, Centuries of Childhood, in the early 1960s, there has been great interest among historians in the history of the family and the household. A central aspect of the debate relates the story of the family to implicit notions of modernization, with the rise of the nuclear family in the West as part of its economic and political success. During the past decade, however, that synthesis has begun to break down. Historians have begun to examine kinship - the way individual families are connected to each other through marriage and descent - finding that during the most dynamic period in European industrial development, class formation, and state reorganization, Europe became a “kinship hot” society. The essays in this volume explore two major transitions in kinship patterns - at the end of the Middle Ages and at the end of the eighteenth century - in an effort to reset the agenda in family history.
Sibling Relations and the Transformations of European Kinship, 1300-1900
Recently considerable interest has developed about the degree to which anthropological approaches to kinship can be used for the study of the long-term development of European history. From the late middle ages to the dawn of the twentieth century, kinship - rather than declining, as is often assumed - was twice reconfigured in dramatic ways and became increasingly significant as a force in historical change, with remarkable similarities across European society. Applying interdisciplinary approaches from social and cultural history and literature and focusing on sibling relationships, this volume takes up the challenge of examining the systemic and structural development of kinship over the long term by looking at the close inner-familial dynamics of ruling families (the Hohenzollerns), cultural leaders (the Mendelssohns), business and professional classes, and political figures (the Gladstones)in France, Italy, Germany, and England. It offers insight into the current issues in kinship studies and draws from a wide range of personal documents: letters, autobiographies, testaments, memoirs, as well as genealogies and works of art.
Fathers and Godfathers
In medieval Europe baptism did not merely represent a solemn and public recognition of the 'natural' birth of a child, but was regarded as a second, 'spiritual birth', within a social group often different from the child's blood relations: a spiritual family, composed of godfathers and godmothers. By analyzing the changing theological and social nature of spiritual kinship and godparenthood between 1450 and 1650, this book explores how these medieval concepts were developed and utilised by the Catholic Church in an era of reform and challenge. It demonstrates how such ties continued to be of major social importance throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, but were often used in wa...
Marriage Rituals Italian Style
The book describes the three major phases of the marriage ritual (matchmaking, betrothal, the wedding), and presents thematic issues, such as the youth sub-culture, gift exchanges, the honor ethos. It is based on a wealth of primary documents, mainly manuscripts, in various literary genres.
Administrating Kinship: Marriage Impediments and Dispensation Policies in the 18th and 19th Centuries
From the late eighteenth century, more and more men and women wished to marry their cousins or in-laws. This aim was primarily linked to changes in marriage concepts, which were increasingly based on familiarity. Wealthy as well as economically precarious households counted on related marriage partners. Such unions, however, faced centuries-old marriage impediments. Bridal couples had to apply for a papal dispensation. This meant a hurdled, lengthy and also expensive procedure. This book shows that applicants in four dioceses – Brixen, Chur, Salzburg and Trent – took very different paths through the thicket of bureaucracy to achieve their goal. How did they argue their marriage projects? How did they succeed and why did so many fail? Tenacity often proved decisive in the end.
Eheschliessungen Im Europa Des 18. und 19. Jahrhunderts
Die Eheschließung war in den europäischen Gesellschaften der Vergangenheit nicht nur ein wichtiger Einschnitt im individuellen Lebenslauf, sondern bedeutete auch einen Wendepunkt in der Abfolge der Generationen, der oft mit der Weitergabe von Besitz verbunden war. Heiraten begründeten zugleich Allianzen zwischen Familien, sie schufen soziale Nähe und Distanz. Die Beiträge untersuchen diese unterschiedlichen Bedeutungen der Heirat. Sie kritisieren die verbreitete Vorstellung, die Ehe sei im vorindustriellen Europa ein Privileg gewesen, das nur den Besitzern einer ererbten Stelle zugänglich war. Neben den ökonomischen und institutionellen Bedingungen werden die flexiblen Handlungsstrategien der Heiratenden und ihrer Familien deutlich. Kulturelle Kontexte langer Dauer werden ebenso analysiert wie die individuellen Spielräume. Der - dreisprachig angelegte - Band lädt ein zur vergleichenden Betrachtung verschiedener sozialer Gruppen und europäischer Länder in einer Periode des Umbruchs.
Spain in Italy
This volume integrates the theme of Spain in Italy into a broad synthesis of late Renaissance and early modern Italy by restoring the contingency of events, local and imperial decision-making, and the distinct voices of individual Spaniards and Italians.
Women, Gender and Transnational Lives
In this transnational analysis of women and gender in Italy's world-wide migration, Franca Iacovetta and Donna Gabaccia challenge the stereotype of the Italian immigrant woman as silent and submissive; a woman who stays 'in the shadows.'
Marriage and the Family in Eurasia
This volume results from a conference on the 1965 Hajnal hypothesis at Stanford University in 1999. Scholars from all over the world reviewed the contribution Hajnal's hypothesis made to our knowledge of historical demography. First, the hypothesis is placed in its historiographic context. Geography comes next. Hajnal distinguished Western Europe from the rest of the world because marriage there was late and non-universal. By contrast, in Eastern Europe, but even more so in Asia, young and universal marriage dominated. The second part of this book explores these geographic divisions, covering Western, Eastern, and Southern Europe, Japan, India and China. The third part of the volume introduces new issues and thus revises and even extends Hajnal's hypothesis into patriarchy, the role of children, women's labor, servants, and illegitimacy. This volume is the first in the series Life at the Extremes. The demography of Europe and China edited by Chuang Ying-Chang (Academia Sinica, Taiwan), Theo Engelen (Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands) and Arthur P. Wolf (Stanford University, U.S.A.). Book jacket.
