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This Encyclopedia provides a cutting-edge, up-to-date reference source on mineral and energy policies around the world. It offers information on GDP, population, investment scenarios and current environmental regulations in over one hundred thirty countries from 13 geographic regions around the world. It covers topics such as geo-conservation, deep mining technology as well as rare earth, green technology and international organizations that are actively involved in minerals and energy through exploration, arbitration, marketing and investment. Topical entries are presented alphabetically with extensive cross-referencing to ensure user-friendly reading. This Encyclopedia presents the work of...
This book focuses on the most serious social and economic challenges faced by China from a public international law perspective. The vast and diversified nature of public international law inspires the author to organize the book on a topic oriented basis, i.e. selecting five most crucial and interrelated issues in contemporary China to investigate and address. It reviews and evaluates China’s response to these challenges and its continuing efforts in searching for solutions to these problems. These issues are inter-related and mutually affective, and moreover, impact collectively on the nation’s standings in the international community. The country’s national stability and economic su...
Natural gas, a vital primary source of energy for the twenty-first century economy, is poised to play a major role in the medium- to long-term outlook of energy systems worldwide. Its supply to power markets for electricity generation and other energy purposes through the stages of exploration, production, gathering, processing, transmission, and distribution have been a key driver in gas commercialisation over the past two to three decades. This book discusses insights from law and economics pertaining to gas and energy supply contracts, regulation, and institutions. It provides an in-depth ‘law-in-context’ analysis of the approaches to developing competitive and secure gas-to-power mar...
Due to the exploitation of international reservoirs, natural energy sources have become rare, disputed among States and therefore strategic. The reliance on these resources is linked to energy security and dependence in both terms of energy imports or exports. Furthermore, the access and reallocation of energy flows entail an alteration of the balance of power among States as well as the raise of national energy security strategies and debates. The aim of this volume is to analyze the evolution of energy relations between the European Union and the Russian Federation from a state of pure Dependence to the establishment of a balanced Interdependence, underling also the challenges facing the EU in terms of dependence and diversifications in the framework or the EU-Russian energy cooperation.
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2010 in the subject Geography / Earth Science - Geology, Mineralogy, Soil Science, grade: 1,0, , course: Montanuniversität Leoben, language: English, abstract: Water is a natural resource of high significance for human beings, fauna and flora. Therefore, the protection of water resources is one of the highest aims of each industrial site. The mining sector and its subsectors have a lot of applications for water, also causing a high potential to interfere with water systems. Mineral extraction, mineral resource storages, mineral processing and mine waste storage form important potential pollutant emitters. The weathering of sulphidic minerals cause the most seve...
For any country’s economy, mineral resources form an important part in generating revenue and increasing its GDP. Therefore, learning the economics behind mines and minerals becomes mandatory and logical. This book investigates and promotes understanding of economic and policy issues, programmes and strategies for exploration, mining, beneficiation and marketing activities. Divided into ten chapters, the book puts emphasis on elaborating the principles of mine and mineral economics. The introductory chapter discusses the scope of the subject and the issues addressed by it. Outline of reserve-resource dynamics and the recent approaches towards estimating ore-reserves are then elaborated, fo...
Sustainable Development in Malaysia and Indonesia examines a range of topics pertaining to sustainable development in the two countries. While Indonesia and Malaysia are geographically close, Indonesia lags behind Malaysia in terms of well-being, with a lack of social services, and economic indicators, as GDP per capita is lower than that in Malaysia. Environmental problems are similar, since both possess large amounts of biodiversity and natural resources. Hsu and Perry provide a concise overview of sustainable development in the nations, make policy recommendations for each country, and discuss sustainable development experiments in both countries.
This timely collection of essays examines the legal and regulatory dynamics of energy transitions in the context of emerging trends towards decarbonisation and low-carbon energy solutions. The book explores this topic by considering the applicable energy law and policy frameworks in both: (i) highly industrialised and major economies such as the US, EU, China and Australia; (ii) resource-rich developing countries such as Nigeria and regions like Southern Africa. Comprising 16 chapters, the book delves into the tradeoffs and regulatory complexities of carbon-constraints in conventional energy supply systems, while maintaining a reliable and secure energy system that is equally sustainable (ie...
Bringing together conceptual, theoretical and evidence-based contributions from a diverse set of experts, this book provides a comprehensive analysis of energy in Africa, from a management perspective. Taking a closer look at the global energy environment and security in developing areas of the region, the authors discuss the significance of energy policy to the socio-economic growth of the continent. This important book tackles the challenge of ensuring sustainability in Africa and focuses on both fossil fuels and renewable energy. Essential reading for researchers interested in energy management, sustainability, and energy policy, this noteworthy collection of interdisciplinary contributions provides examples of effective energy management in Africa.
Die Arbeit befasst sich mit dem juristischen Handelsbedingungen zwischen China und der EU im Rohstoffsektor. Sie beleuchtet die Entwicklung dieser Handelsbeziehungen und deren WTO-rechtlichen Rahmen bei Rechtsstreitigkeiten. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf den Rechtsgrundsätzen, die bei bilateralen Verträgen der EU mit der Volksrepublik China zu beachten sind, und vor allem auf die europäischen Rechtsgrundlagen ausgerichtet sind.