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This book studies public policy and administration in Bangladesh. It studies how, despite recording high-levels of corruption persistently, some governments in least developed countries (LDCs) like Bangladesh have achieved impressive online transformation level, through digital, electronic or e-Government implementation. The book investigates the historical and political context, and examines the different policies and strategies adopted by successive governments of Bangladesh for facilitating digital service delivery transformation of traditional, paper-based, circuitous public service delivery processes. It reviews public administration reforms introduced over several decades, and other in...
This technical paper presents three major sets of information resource: (i) five case studies from five Asian countries, (ii) the synthesis of the case studies and (iii) the report of the regional workshop that reviewed the case studies and the draft synthesis of the case study reports, provided additional science-based, professional, and experiential information, and developed recommendations to strengthen, empower and sustain organizations of small-scale fish farmers and related aquaculture-based enterprises.
This book describes how Bangladesh transformed its food markets and food policies to free the country from the constant threat of famine. Since 1990, the Bangladeshi government has dismantled its food rationing system, privatized grain distribution, eased restrictions on international trade, and reduced its own presence in grain markets. The foundation for these developments was laid in the preceding decades. Improvements in agricultural science in the 1970s roughly doubled farm yields, while in the 1980s liberalization of irrigation restrictions, the lifting of import barriers to irrigation technology, and the privatization of fertilizer distribution rapidly increased rice cultivation. Thes...
With the relationship between trade policy and industrialization coming in for increasingly close scrutiny, this book assesses how far trade policy has promoted economic growth in fourteen developing countries in the 1970s and 1980s.
Debt-for-development exchanges are an important financing tool for development. They make debt relief more politically and practically attractive to donor countries and serve the development of recipient countries through the cancellation of external debt and the funding of important development projects. This book commences by chronicling the emergence of debt-for-development exchanges from their forebears, debt-equity exchanges, and analyzes why debt for development suffers from very few of the problems that plagued debt equity. The book analyzes the different types of debt-for-development exchanges and the different ways they have been used by all donor nations that have made use of them. The book then explores a range of critical perspectives on exchanges and concludes by considering a wide range of new and innovative uses for the funds generated by exchanges.
The Asia-Pacific region has emerged as a dominant player in trade and will continue to be an influential pole of world trade and economics, with the center of gravity shifting to this region. This book presents analytical insights into the various regional and bilateral trade agreements (RTAs) and their beneficial effects on bilateral trade and development. It provides an incisive analysis and a roundup of all major RTAs and also presents an overview of all major agreements between the countries involved, which might propel their trade flows and influence future economic engagements. The book in a novel way also discusses possible obstacles that are encountered during the implementation of R...
State-owned enterprises (SOEs) place a significant and unsustainable strain on the economies of Fiji, Samoa, and Tonga. They absorb large amounts of scarce capital on which they provide very low returns. This study reveals the core levers of SOE reform and the rapid progress that can be made in implementing them where the political will to do so exists. While the study focuses on three countries that are heavily involved in SOE reform and have broadly similar SOE portfolios and legislative frameworks, the core lessons from their experience are applicable throughout the Pacific region.
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The global financial crisis quickly evolved into a full blown economic crisis that has hit the Pacific. The looming impacts look to be larger than expected 6 months ago, are unfolding rapidly, and are likely to be felt over 2009 and into 2010. Even if the global economy picks up in the second half of 2010, as the most recent forecasts suggest, it may take until 2011 for the Pacific economies to fully recover. This policy brief looks at the challenges created by the global economic crisis and discusses policy options to mitigate its impacts. Should monetary policy be relaxed? Is a fiscal stimulus appropriate? What would a fiscal stimulus look like, and how long should one last? What can be learnt from the actions of neighboring economies? These are the sort of pragmatic considerations that the region's economic decision makers are facing. This policy brief tries to help decision makers "take the helm" in finding a way through these difficult economic times.