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An examination of the role of history and memory is vital in order to better understand why the grand design of a United Europe--with a common foreign policy and market yet enough diversity to allow for cultural and social differences--was overwhelmingly turned down by its citizens. The authors argue that this rejection of the European constitution was to a certain extent a challenge to the current historical grounding used for further integration and further demonstrates the lack of understanding by European bureaucrats of the historical complexity and divisiveness of Europe's past. A critical European history is therefore urgently needed to confront and re-imagine Europe, not as a harmonious continent but as the outcome of violent and bloody conflicts, both within Europe as well as with its Others. As the authors show, these dark shadows of Europe's past must be integrated, and the fact that memories of Europe are contested must be accepted if any new attempts at a United Europe are to be successful.
Rethinking the contributions of the Manchester School of Social Anthropology for political ethnography, the Politics of Relations elaborates its relational approach to the state along four interlaced axes of research – embeddedness, boundary work, modalities and strategic selectivity – that enable thick comparisons across spatio-temporal scales of power. In Serbia local experiences of self-government, infrastructure and care motivate its citizens to “become the state” while cursing it heartily. While both officials and citizens strive for a state that enables a “normal life,” they navigate the increasingly illiberal politics enacted by national parties and which are tolerated by trans-national donors.
Der englischsprachige Band bietet einen Überblick über die Entwicklungen im Bereich historischer Bildung in den Nachfolgestaaten Jugoslawiens und der Republik Moldova seit Mitte der 1990er Jahre bis heute. Ausgangspunkt aller Beiträge ist der Nations- und Staatsbildungsprozess mit seinen Auswirkungen auf Geschichtspolitik und Schule im Rahmen eines ermutigenden, aber auch widersprüchlichen Transformationsprozesses. Ergänzend wird die Rolle der in der Region international agierenden Bildungsakteure und -institutionen untersucht. Unter welchen Voraussetzungen und mit welchen Mitteln Reformen und Interventionen im Bildungsbereich nachhaltig wirken können, in welche Richtung sich historische Narrationen entwickeln – diese und ähnliche Fragen sucht der Band zu beantworten. Er erlaubt aus interdisziplinärer Perspektive Einblicke in die komplexen Transformationen des Bildungssektors in Südosteuropa.
Yellow Star, Red Star asks why Holocaust memory continues to be so deeply troubled—ignored, appropriated, and obfuscated—throughout Eastern Europe, even though it was in those lands that most of the extermination campaign occurred. As part of accession to the European Union, Jelena Subotić shows, East European states were required to adopt, participate in, and contribute to the established Western narrative of the Holocaust. This requirement created anxiety and resentment in post-communist states: Holocaust memory replaced communist terror as the dominant narrative in Eastern Europe, focusing instead on predominantly Jewish suffering in World War II. Influencing the European Union's own...
This book shows how current and future research on the social history of the Balkans can be integrated into a broader European framework. The contributions look at a range of methodological and empirical issues, and the theme that links the various studies is that of the contrasting, yet, at the same time, entangled ideas of the Balkans as a "mental map" and of Southeast Europe as an "historical region." (Series: Studies on South East Europe - Vol. 10)
This book presents a comprehensive analysis of the Italian experience of transitional justice examining how the crimes of Fascism and World War II have been dealt with from a comparative perspective. Applying an interdisciplinary and comparative methodology, the book offers a detailed reconstruction of the prosecution of the crimes of Fascism and the Italian Social Republic as well as crimes committed by Nazi soldiers against Italian civilians and those of the Italian army against foreign populations. It also explores the legal qualification and prosecution of the actions of the Resistance. Particular focus is given to the Togliatti amnesty, the major turning point, through comparisons to th...
This book explores the relationship between socialist psychiatry and political ideology during the Cold War, tracing Yugoslav ‘psy’ sciences as they experienced multiple internationalisations and globalisations in the post-WWII period. These unique transnational connections – with West, East and South – remain at the centre of this book. The author argues that the ‘psy’ disciplines provide a window onto the complications of Cold War internationalism, offering an opportunity to re-think postwar Europe's internal dynamics. She tells an alternative, pan-European narrative of the post-1945 period, demonstrating that, in the Cold War, there existed sites of collaboration and vigorous ...
This social, cultural, and political history of Slavic Muslim women of the Yugoslav region in the first decades of the post-Ottoman era is the first to provide a comprehensive overview of the issues confronting these women. It is based on a study of voluntary associations (philanthropic, cultural, Islamic-traditionalist, and feminist) of the period. It is broadly held that Muslim women were silent and relegated to a purely private space until 1945, when the communist state “unveiled” and “liberated” them from the top down. After systematic archival research in Bosnia, Croatia, Serbia, and Austria, Fabio Giomi challenges this view by showing: • How different sectors of the Yugoslav ...
This book examines the religious character of Nikos Kazantzakis’ literary work. The author of famous novels like Zorba the Greek, Christ Recrucified, Captain Michalis and The Last Temptation, as well as the programmatic essay Asceticism: The Saviours of God and the monumental Odyssey, wrestled with the numinous nearly lifelong. Though raised in and saturated with the liturgical and spiritual tradition of the Orthodox Church, he soon dissociated himself from the ecclesiastical establishment of his youth and searched for a new form of religion. A passionate ‘hunter’, he sought out the absolute truth and definitive redemption. In his quest for ‘God’, his steady and farthest goal was the incessant search for freedom – even freedom to such an extent as freedom from the liberator! Yet the Greek Orthodox inheritance has influenced his work to a quite considerable extent. He held on to various Christian elements which appealed to him, although he filled them in with altered contents. This especially concerns the emphasis on asceticism, the Cretan religious popular culture, the language of Scripture, various liturgical rituals as well as Byzantine hymnody and iconography.
A volume exploring the history of medicine across continents and countries from ancient to modern times, examining the changing systems of medicine in Eastern and Western traditions, comparing alternative medical practices, and introducing readers to how historians have captured the multiple approaches to healing adopted by different cultures.