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Das Regionalstandard-Standard-Kontinuum als Zwischenschritt im Modell von Helmut Weiß
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2022 im Fachbereich Germanistik - Linguistik, Note: 1,0, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Diese Arbeit vertritt die These, dass die aktuelle Lage des Deutschen in Deutschland im Modell von Weiß einen zusätzlichen Zwischenschritt erforderlich macht, nämlich den Zwischenschritt eines Regionalstandard-Standard-Kontinuums. Das Dialekt-Standard-Kontinuum ist tatsächlich im Wandel – die Dialekte schwinden zwar, doch (noch) sind sie weder vollends verschwunden, noch ist der Nonstandard frei von unterschiedlichen regionalen Markierungen. Vielmehr scheinen Regiolekte die Dialekte abzulösen und dabei selbst zu Regionalstandards zu werden, während simultan der überregionale Nonstandard diese Entwicklung zwar beeinflusst, aber nicht dominiert. Somit muss die vierte Phase beim Modell von Weiß erst noch erreicht werden, die dritte Phase ist jedoch auch nicht mehr zutreffend. Interessanterweise wurde genau diese Entwicklung (sogar mitsamt Denaturierungstendenzen) bereits in den 1990ern prognostiziert.
What Counts as Evidence in Linguistics
What counts as evidence in linguistics? This question is addressed by the contributions to the present volume (originally published as a Special Issue of Studies in Language 28:3 (2004). Focusing on the innateness debate, what is illustrated is how formal and functional approaches to linguistics have different perspectives on linguistic evidence. While special emphasis is paid to the status of typological evidence and universals for the construction of Universal Grammar (UG), this volume also highlights more general issues such as the roles of (non)-standard language and historical evidence. To address the overall topic, the following three guiding questions are raised: What type of evidence can be used for innateness claims (or UG)?; What is the content of such innate features (or UG)?; and, How can UG be used as a theory guiding empirical research? A combination of articles and peer commentaries yields a lively discussion between leading representatives of formal and functional approaches.
On the Margins
Estonia is perhaps the only country in Europe that lacks a comprehensive history of its Jewish minority. Spanning over 150 years of Estonian Jewish history, On the Margins is a truly unique book. Rebuilding a life beyond so-called Pale of Jewish Settlement in the Russian Empire, the Jewish cultural autonomy in interwar Estonia, and the trauma of Soviet occupation of 1940?41 are among the issues addressed in the book but most profoundly, the book wrestles with the subject of the Holocaust and its legacy in Estonia. Specifically, it examines the quasi-legal system of murder instituted in Nazi-occupied Estonia, confiscation of Jewish property, and Jewish forced labor camps and develops an analysis of the causes of collaboration during the Holocaust. The book also explores the dynamics of war crimes trials in the Soviet Union since the 1960s and so-called denaturalization trials in the United States in the 1980s. The haunting memory of Soviet and Nazi rule, the book concludes, prevents a larger segment of today?s Estonian population from facing up to the Holocaust and the universal message that it carries.
Continuity and Change in Grammar
One of the principal challenges of historical linguistics is to explain the "causes" of language change. Any such explanation, however, must also address the actuation problem: why is it that changes occurring in a given language at a certain time cannot be reliably predicted to recur in other languages, under apparently similar conditions? The sixteen contributions to the present volume each aim to elucidate various aspects of this problem, including: What processes can be identified as the drivers of change? How central are syntax-external (phonological, lexical or contact-based) factors in triggering syntactic change? And how can all of these factors be reconciled with the actuation problem? Exploring data from a wide range of languages from both a formal and a functional perspective, this book promises to be of interest to advanced students and researchers in historical linguistics, syntax and their intersection."
The Impact of Pronominal Form on Interpretation
The interplay between the interpretation of pronouns (e.g. bound/referential) and their form (e.g. null/overt) is still ill-understood. This volume has a cross-linguistic orientation with in-depth investigations of more than 10 different languages. It unites researchers from the linguistic subfields of syntax, semantics, and psycholinguistics, thus furthering dialogue with the goal of shedding new light on the form/interpretation connection.
Locative Media
Not only is locative media one of the fastest growing areas in digital technology, but questions of location and location-awareness are increasingly central to our contemporary engagements with online and mobile media, and indeed media and culture generally. This volume is a comprehensive account of the various location-based technologies, services, applications, and cultures, as media, with an aim to identify, inventory, explore, and critique their cultural, economic, political, social, and policy dimensions internationally. In particular, the collection is organized around the perception that the growth of locative media gives rise to a number of crucial questions concerning the areas of culture, economy, and policy.
