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Nitrogen Fixation: Fundamentals and Applications
Nitrogen fixation research is presented as a rapidly developing, synergistic area of modern science, using the methods of, and accumulating data from, many fundamental branches of biology and chemistry. These include catalytic mechanisms, protein structure and function, molecular organization of genes and the regulation of their activities, biochemistry of plants and microorganisms, the signalling and surface interactions between organisms, microbial taxonomy and evolution, formal and population genetics, and ecology. The relationships between biological nitrogen fixation research and different branches of applied biology are addressed and analyzed, such as: the monitoring of genetically engineered microorganisms, selection of plant-associated microbes, plant breeding, increasing the protein content of crops, providing ecologically safe food production, and diminishing the chemical pollution of the environment. Immediate impacts and long-term prospects for nitrogen fixation research are presented: both fundamentals and applications.
Soil Microbiology and Sustainable Crop Production
Soils into which crop plants root and from which they obtain essential minerals and water contain huge arrays of microbes. Many have highly beneficial effects on crop growth and productivity, others are pathogens causing diseases and losses to yield and quality, a few microbes offer protection from these pathogenic forms and others have little or no effect. These intimate and often complex inter-relationships are being explored with increasing success providing exciting opportunities for increasing crop yields and quality in sustainable harmony with the populations of beneficial soil microbes and to the detriment of pathogens. This book explores current knowledge for each of these aspects of soil microbiology and indicates where future progress is most likely to aid in increasing crop productivity by means which are environmentally benign and beneficial.
Plant Breeding from Laboratories to Fields
Breeding of crop plants to make them more adapted to human agricultural systems has been on-going during domestication the last 10 000 years. However, only recently with the invention of the Mendelian principles of genetics and the subsequent development of quantitative genetics during the twentieth century has such genetic crop improvement become based on a general theory. During the last 50 years plant breeding has entered a molecular era based on molecular tools to analyse DNA, RNA and proteins and associate such molecular results with plant phenotype. These marker trait associations develop fast to enable more efficient breeding. However, they still leave a major part of breeding to be performed through selection of phenotypes using quantitative genetic tools. The ten chapters of this book illustrate this development.
Cooperative Adaptations and Evolution in Plant-Microbe Systems
Ecological and evolutionary genetics of plant-microbe interactions is of high importance for developing the plant science since the plants originated symbiotically (via incorporation of a phototrophic cyanobacterium into a heterotrophic eukaryon) and further evolve as the multipartite symbiotic systems, harboring the enormously diverse microbial communities. The Research Topic has integrated the top-level research on the genetic interactions in the plant-microbial associations required to develop the novel evolutionary approaches in the molecular and ecological genetics of different kinds of symbioses.
Applications of RNA-Seq and Omics Strategies
The large potential of RNA sequencing and other "omics" techniques has contributed to the production of a huge amount of data pursuing to answer many different questions that surround the science's great unknowns. This book presents an overview about powerful and cost-efficient methods for a comprehensive analysis of RNA-Seq data, introducing and revising advanced concepts in data analysis using the most current algorithms. A holistic view about the entire context where transcriptome is inserted is also discussed here encompassing biological areas with remarkable technological advances in the study of systems biology, from microorganisms to precision medicine.
Biological Control of Plant Diseases
Prevent agricultural loss with natural disease controls that don’t harm the environmentor the people who live in it Despite the worldwide use of chemicals and pesticides to control the devastating effects of plant disease, the international agribusiness market still suffers extensive economic losses each year. Biological Control of Plant Diseases offers natural alternatives to the synthetic fungicides, pesticides, herbicides, and insecticides that have not only failed to stop pests and pathogens, but have raised serious safety and environmental concerns. The world’s leading plant pathologists examine the use of antagonistic microorganisms, inherent resistance, and natural fungicides for ...
Plants for the Future
The world has come to understand only recently the importance of plants in our life. Therefore, we have brought together such book chapters that will help strengthen the scientific background of the readers on plants and deliver the message regarding plants for the future, in food security, health, industry, and other areas. This book will add to the scientific knowledge of the readers on the molecular aspects of plants.
Plant Proteomic Research 3.0
The Special Issue “Plant Proteomics 3.0” was conceived in an attempt to address the recent advancements in as well as limitations of current proteomic techniques and their diverse applications to attain new insights into plant molecular responses to various biotic and abiotic stressors and the molecular bases of other processes. Proteomics’ focus is also related to translational purposes, including food traceability and allergen detection. In addition, bioinformatic techniques are needed for more confident identification, quantitation, data analysis and networking, especially with non-model or orphan plants, including medicinal and meditational plants as well as forest tree species. This Special Issue contains 23 articles, including four reviews and 19 original papers.
