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English summary: The government often uses private persons and infrastructures for public purposes. Using the enforcement of tax laws as an example, the author of this work studies the requirements under which this is compliant with constitutional law. German description: Die gesetzliche Indienstnahme Privater hat Tradition. Im Jahre 1950 hat Hans Peter Ipsen diese Rechtsfigur entdeckt und das Bundesverfassungsgericht hat sie bald rezipiert. Sie ist auch in der Staatsrechtslehre auf fruchtbaren Boden gefallen, aber kaum vertieft beleuchtet worden. Bislang zu wenig hinterfragte Rechtfertigungsschleifen begreift der Gesetzgeber augenscheinlich als Einladung, Burgern und Wirtschaft neue Pflicht...
En la actualidad, dos de los grandes retos que afronta el Derecho ambiental son la prevención oportuna y la reparación efectiva de los daños ambientales. En esta obra no solo se abordan ambas problemáticas, sino que, además, se ofrecen herramientas legales y recomendaciones para afrontarlas de manera eficaz. El libro se compone de tres capítulos. El primero detalla las técnicas jurídicas que existen para autorizar y gestionar los riesgos ambientales, así como para prevenir y reparar los daños provocados en el ambiente. El segundo desarrolla a profundidad el régimen jurídico del daño ambiental y explica los principios jurídicos que orientan, de manera integral, el régimen de re...
A procura de maior (e tão necessária) eficiência dos Tribunais tem levado à adoção de sistemas de inteligência artificial (IA) no exercício de funções judiciais públicas, em particular no auxílio do Juiz e/ou do Tribunal. Tal opção - como demonstra a presente obra coletiva - encontra abordagens distintas em Portugal e no Brasil, revelando diferentes níveis de desenvolvimento e de implementação e, por consequência, desafios singulares para a ciência jurídica em razão dos particulares sistemas de IA usados nos Tribunais e ainda das tarefas selecionadas para a mobilização de tais sistemas. Adicionalmente, os quadros jurídicos nestes dois países encontram-se em diferente...
The new European General Data Protection Regulation directly affects all EU member states and raises numerous problems for legal consultation. Its impact on international companies doing business in the EU is enormous; national legislation has to face questions of the scope of the regulation as well as the potential and need for national regulation. Its broad and open articles leave room for wide interpretation. This new commentary covers all topics and critical aspects elicited by the new regulation and its interpretation. The commentary focuses on the regulation itself, including cross-references to further provisions (e.g. the Police and Criminal Justice Data Protection Directive, the E-P...
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An analysis of the impact of foreign assistance and other external forces upon the national character of Sierra Leone, and an identification of causes and solutions regarding the sense of anguish associated with the attainment of Third World independence.
The subjects of this volume are more relevant than ever, especially in light of the raft of electoral scandals concerning voter profiling. This volume brings together papers that offer conceptual analyses, highlight issues, propose solutions, and discuss practices regarding privacy and data protection. It is one of the results of the twelfth annual International Conference on Computers, Privacy and Data Protection, CPDP, held in Brussels in January 2019. The book explores the following topics: dataset nutrition labels, lifelogging and privacy by design, data protection iconography, the substance and essence of the right to data protection, public registers and data protection, modelling and ...
This 5th volume in the "Munster Colloquia on EU Law and the Digital Economy" focuses on one of the most important challenges faced by private law in this era of digitalization: the effects of "data as counter-performance" on contract law; a phenomenon acknowledged by the EU legislator in the new "Digital Content Directive" 2019/770. In this volume, legal experts from across Europe examine various issues, in particular contract performance and restitution, and the relationship between contract law and data protection, central to the question: Contract law 2.0?