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Review of Research and Development Needs in Irrigation and Drainage
The International Programme for Technology and Research in Irrigation and Drainage (IPTRID) was established in 1991 to promote technology and research in and by developing countries. The purpose of this review is to highlight areas where research and development can improve performance and identify gaps in knowledge. In the face of water shortage the problem of one set of water users cannot be considered in isolation from other users and hence there are a number of cross-discipline issues that must also be addressed.
Case Studies on Water Conservation in the Mediterranean Region
In the Mediterranean region, agriculture is considered as the sector where the biggest volume of water can be saved as it represents around 80 percent of total demand, and a large amount of water is poorly used. The idea of the present report is to gather a number of "success stories". The case studies in five countries (Jordan, Morocco, Egypt, Turkey and Tunisia) were analysed in terms of main success as well as limiting factors, reported water savings and crop yield increase, as well as increase of water use efficiency. The lessons learnt include: Localised irrigation is not a miracle technology; modernised surface irrigation can be a water saving technique; a water conservation enabling environment is necessary to achieve successful water conservation and improve water use efficiency; sustainability of water management depends on carefully selected measures that complement each other.
Biodrainage
Artificial drainage is essential to sustain irrigated agriculture, in order to control the water table and avoid waterlogging and salinisation. Biodrainage systems rely on vegetation rather than mechanical means to remove excess water, and can provide a cost-effective and environmentally friendly drainage option. This publication presents a range of formally published and unpublished literature on the current level of knowledge of biodrainage, in order to inform further research and promote pilot testing schemes.
Institutional Reform for Irrigation and Drainage
If sustainable management of tropical forests is to be accomplished and deforestation brought under control, the on-the-ground performance of existing forest concessions, along with the allocation of new concessions, will have to be strengthened. This study examines the failures of forest concessions and the loss of tropical forests due to mismanagement during the last two decades. It also emphasizes the potential gains resulting from strengthening the allocation, management, and supervision of concessions by concentrating on improving procedures, introducing performance incentives, and monitoring key performance elements
Capacity Development in Irrigation and Drainage
The consensus among policy-makers in the developing world and aid agencies is that a lack of capacity is constraining the development of irrigated agriculture. Although this concern is not new, it is now receiving much attention in the irrigation and drainage world, where it is becoming an issue in its own right rather than being embedded in infrastructure investment projects. In order to address this issue FAO Land and Water Development Division (AGL) organized a one-day workshop , which brought together a range of case studies from different parts of the world in order to demonstrate that capacity development should be central focus of future strategies on irrigation and drainage. This publication contains a synthesis of the workshop as well as three keynote papers prepared for the workshop based on the available literature and experiences. The complete workshop materials, which include several country papers and complementary documents, are included on a CD-ROM that accompanies this document
Guidelines for Benchmarking Performance in the Irrigation and Drainage Sector
Many formal irrigation schemes are performing inefficiently for a number of reasons, among which the poor performance of irrigation institutions is one. Benchmarking may be defined as the identification and application of organisation specific best practices with the goal of improving competitiveness, performance and efficiency of such schemes. These guidelines are neither perfect nor final; rather, they represent the beginning of a long and exciting process of benchmarking in the irrigation and drainage sector.
More Crop Per Drop
This volume is an analytical summary and a critical synthesis of research at the International Water Management Institute over the past decade under its evolving research paradigm known popularly as 'more crop per drop'. The research synthesized here covers the full range of issues falling in the larger canvas of water-food-health-environment interface. Besides its immediate role in sharing knowledge with the research, donor, and policy communities, this volume also has a larger purpose of promoting a new way of looking at the water issues within the broader development context of food, livelihood, health and environmental challenges. More crop per drop: Revisiting a research paradigm contra...
