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Unraveling Neuroprotective and Neurodegenerative Signals in Neurodegeneration
Proteinopathy is a collective term used to classified neurodegenerative diseases associated with the progressive accumulation of toxic protein molecules in specific brain regions. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a well-known proteinopathy characterize by the accumulation of A peptides and tau proteins. The accumulation of these toxic molecules in the brain starts many years before any clinical presentation, being the onset in the range of 65 to 72 years of age. Therefore, age is considered a risk factor due, in part, to the loss of molecular competence to clear the brain from these toxic protein molecules. This fact, supported by years of research, demonstrates that brain cells activate a neur...
Protein Aggregation
The volume details techniques, methods, and conceptual developments to further the study of protein aggregation with emphasis on the pleiomorphic proteins implicated in etiology of neurodegeneration. Chapters guide readers through in vitro and in vivo studies of fibrillization and liquid-liquid phase separation processes, and offer a comprehensive account of the state-of-art of structural studies of protein aggregation. Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and reagents, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Protein Aggregation: Methods and Protocols aims to be useful and practical guide to new researchers and experts looking to expand their knowledge.
Untangling the Role of Tau in Physiology and Pathology
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Axonopathy in Neurodegenerative Disease
Axons are the major output processes of neurons, responsible for transmitting information to other neurons and tissues throughout the body. The 150,000+ kilometers of axons make up half of the brain's volume and require a large amount of energy. Normal axon function is the product of a massive number of intra- and extra-cellular mechanisms working in concert. Perhaps not surprisingly, the axon is a site of vulnerability during normal aging and in disease states, although this has only been recently appreciated. Axonopathy, broadly defined as functional or structural defects in the axon or its terminal, is common across a wide range of neurodegenerative conditions, including amyotrophic later...
Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease: The Present and the Future
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by significant cognitive deficits, behavioral changes, sleep disorders and loss of functional autonomy. AD represents the main cause of dementia and has become a major public health issue. In addition, the number of patients suffering from AD is growing rapidly as the population ages worldwide. Memory impairment is usually the earliest clinical and core symptom of this disease. The diagnosis at a late clinical stage is relatively easy. However, a delay in the diagnosis is damageable for the handling of patients in terms of optimal medical and social care. The actual interest of the scientific head-ways is to optimize the di...
Tau oligomers
Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of intracellular aggregates of tau protein are a key neuropathological feature of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases, collectively termed tauopathies. The abundance of NFTs has been reported to correlate positively with the severity of cognitive impairment in AD. However, accumulating evidences derived from studies of experimental models have identified that NFTs themselves may not be neurotoxic. Now, many of tau researchers are seeking a “toxic” form of tau protein. Moreover, it was suggested that a “toxic” tau was capable to seed aggregation of native tau protein and to propagate in a prion-like manner. However, t...
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