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The ghrelin story started more than 30 years ago with the discovery of synthetic GH secretagogues. Only in 1999 was ghrelin a natural GH-releasing peptide, discovered. Ghrelin, however, is much more than simply a natural GH secretagogue. In fact, this hormone is one of the most important factors known for regulating appetite and energy expenditure. Furthermore, ghrelin is the trigger for other neuroendocrine, metabolic and nonendocrine actions.This book, written by researchers who provided the major contributions to our current knowledge of this complex system, gives a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in ghrelin research. The hormone's influence on the cardiovascular, metaboli...
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I is a widely expressed growth factor with diverse effects on many tissues throughout development and in adult life. The purpose of this work is to provide detailed and updated information on the role of the growth hormone (GH)-IGF axis in fetal and postnatal development, as well as its physiological functions and implications in pathology.
The neuroendocrine system plays a pivotal role in the control of growth, puberty, reproduction, and intermediate metabolism. This title presents the research on neuroendocrine physiology, advances in the control of the onset of puberty and its disorders, and basic and clinical aspects of the GH/IGF-1 and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes.
During the past decade, the continued interest in insulin-related growth factors has been documented by a plethora of research programs and publications focused on these growth factors. Both molecular and cellular biological techniques have improved and enabled investigators to study the properties of the growth factors in depth. This volume covers the molecular (genetic) aspects of the growth factors, their binding proteins and receptors, as well as those factors affecting their gene transcription and translation. In addition, aspects of the cellular action of these growth factors through their receptors and how this impacts normal cellular function are discussed. The book will provide valuable information for researchers in physiology, biology, endocrinology, and metabolism.
An essential element in the development and functional integrity of all organisms is intercellular communication. This is achieved by the secretion of soluble messenger molecules which subsequently interact with receptor-effector pathways in the responsive cells. Hormones are traditionally defined as chemical messengers synthesized by endocrine glands. Unlike hormones produced by endocrine glands, growth factors are hormone-related substances produced by many tissues and play an important role in controlling growth and development. While the exact physiological roles of growth factors have yet to be elucidated, they play important roles in the regulation of cellular proliferation and/or diff...
Disorders associated with cortisol excess and insufficiency, although rare, deserve the attention of the entire medical community because of high associated morbidity and mortality. Both diagnosis and management of hypo- and hypercortisolism are challenging, and disease presentation, at both clinical and laboratory level is not always definite. New tools are available for non-invasive and early diagnosis, and the choice of treatment should be tailored to each patient to improve quality of life through the regulation of the levels and rhythm of hormonal secretion, while limiting complications associated with the disease and therapies. In this new volume, top experts have contributed chapters on the pathognomonic, epidemiological, clinical, radiological, and laboratory aspects of the various disorders associated with altered cortisol secretion. They also present information on still debated standpoints on management. Cortisol Excess and Insufficiency is a valuable reference book for those wishing to have a reasoned and broad overview of the pathophysiology and management of disorders associated with hypo- and hypercortisolism.
The various congresses on growth hormone (GH) which have been held in Milan since 1967, the Milan Congresses, have witnessed over 25 years the tremendous expansion of a research field that was based initially upon the scarce knowledge of the biological properties of a protein. GH, whose chemical structure had just been identified and a radioimmunoassay developed for its measurement in blood, became in the following years a major area of biological research. The boundaries have since become blurred, as the research area has extended to the physiology and pathology of growth, puberty and reproduction, and the control of metabolism during the whole lifespan. Since the last GH Congress held in 1...
In this authoritative three-volume reference work, leading researchers bring together current work to provide a comprehensive analysis of the comparative morphology, development, evolution, and functional biology of the skull.
Revolutionary changes in medical imaging have enormously improved the ability to detect structural and functional organ alterations early. Imaging is becoming an essential tool - in association with hormonal assays - for the diagnosis and management of endocrine disorders. New contrast media and their application to ultrasounds, as well as the opportunity to merge images acquired by functional/metabolic and traditional techniques, allow characterization of key features of identified lesions. Some radiological techniques such as ultrasonography, CT, and MRI are now available in operating rooms, thus supporting a diagnostic and therapeutic approach to endocrine diseases. In this new book, dist...
Ghrelin is a 28-amino acid acylated peptide predominatntly produced by the stomach. Highlights the impact and function of the hormone ghrelin and provides insight to neuroendocrinologies and researchers interested in its molecular and clinical relevance.