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This book presents research on precipitation partitioning processes in vegetated ecosystems, putting them into a global context. It describes the processes by which meteoric water comes into contact with the vegetation's canopy, typically the first surface contact of precipitation on land. It also discusses how precipitation partitioning by vegetation impacts the amount, patterning, and chemistry of water reaching the surface, as well as the amount and timing of evaporative return to the atmosphere. Although this process has been extensively studied, this is the first review of the global literature on the partitioning of precipitation by forests, shrubs, crops, grasslands and other less-studies plant types. The authors offer global contextualization combined with a detailed discussion of the impacts for the climate and terrestrial ecohydrological systems. As such, this comprehensive overview is a valuable reference tool for a wide range of specialists and students in the fields of geoscience and the environment.
MacGyver science is the creative use of equipment for purposes that were not originally intended by the developer as well as the scientist’s own development of sensors or technology for problems where commercially available solutions fall short. Following the successful MacGyver conference sessions in the past years it is time to combine all our ideas, opinions and new research in an article collection. This is a call for papers for all MacGyver earth scientists– present your tools, processes, proof of concepts, designs, open source components, failures and successes, data sets, and emerging technologies, and contribute your part to this exciting collection. Even if your new tools, prototypes or method has been described as part of the method section of a broader publication, we invite you to write a separate publication in our collection that focusses solely on the new tool, processes, proof of concepts, designs, open source components, etc.
This book reviews the concept, contemporary research efforts and the implementation of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). The IWRM concept was established as an international guiding water management paradigm in the early 1990ies and has become a vital approach to solving the problems associated with the topic of water. The book summarizes fourteen comprehensive IWRM research projects with worldwide coverage and analyses their motivations, settings, approaches and implementation of results. Aiming to be an up-to-date interdisciplinary scientific reference, this book provides a comprehensive theoretical and empirical analysis of contemporary IWRM research, examples of science based implementations and a synthesis of the lessons learnt. It concludes with some major future challenges, the solving of which will further strengthen the IWRM concept.
Did you know that we can learn things about ourselves (humans) and our behaviour without directly studying ourselves? Scientists have for years studied all kinds of animals, to gain a better insight into their strategies for survival, both alone and together. And we are now finding out that these studies can teach us a lot about us and our world – from ecosystem functioning, to behaviour, to health. This Collection examines what we have learned from animals, ranging from microscopic invertebrates to fish and mammals. We look in particular at what different animals can teach us about human behaviour, about how life has evolved and its diversity, and about how the ecosystem on our planet functions. We hope you enjoy reading about all the fascinating things we can learn from the animals we share out planet with!
Land change studies in a 5,400km2 area within the Volta Basin of Ghana were carried out using satellite image and socio-economic analyses. The dominant change process was conversion of natural vegetation to cropland at an annual rate of 5%. Reversible land change trajectories involving accumulation of woody biomass indicate a certain level of rainfall-induced ecosystem resilience. Linear and logistic regressions identified agricultural land suitability, distance from main market and localities, child-dependency ratio and population density as the main drivers of change. Policy measures that would relieve human pressure on vegetation resources, guarantee food supply and promote commercialization of agriculture are suggested.
Eissturmvögel sind an Küsten der Nordmeere beheimatet. Ihre Suche nach Lebensräumen an steilen Klippen und schroffen Felsen ist rastlos und ungewiss. Ähnlich zu diesem unstillbaren Drang zur Veränderung verhält es sich mit Heinrich, Mahoud, Marlene und Tamara, die aus gehobenen, abgesicherten, engen, starren und aussichtslos gewordenen Existenzen ausbrechen. 'Vom Leben und Streben der Eissturmvögel' begleitet die Protagonisten auf dem Weg zur Selbstverwirklichung und beleuchtet deren Selbsttäuschung und Skrupel, Zerrissenheit und Widersprüchlichkeit. Zumal das Manuskript kein Lektorat durchlaufen hat, bittet der Autor um Nachsicht für Schreib-, Formulierungs- und Formatfehler. Zumindest die vierte Überarbeitung im Juli 2024 sollte zu einer deutlichen Verbesserung geführt haben. Für die Buchdruckausgabe wurde eine kleine Schriftgröße gewählt, ca. 8 pt.