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Using Non-invasive Brain Stimulation to Test the Role of Self-control in Investor Behavior
We test whether self-control causally affects investor behavior with the non-invasive brain stimulation. Subjects trade stocks in an experimental asset market while their levels of self-control are exogenously varied by applying weak currents stimulation to a control-related brain area. We document that modulation of regional cortical excitability related to self-control significantly influences the propensity of realizing capital gains as well as capital losses. Our finding provides support for the role of self-control in the disposition effect and highlights the utility of using non-invasive brain stimulation to causally test the underlying mechanism of investor behavior.
Empirical and Theoretical Insights Into the Role of Rewards
Despite prevailing research asserting the efficiency and stability of punishment over rewards in an environment of perfect information, the prevalence of reward structures in everyday life remains apparent. This commonality might be explained by the enhanced cooperative behavior and welfare these structures promote in social dilemmas, particularly when accurate assessment of contribution is challenging. However, this assertion remains largely uncorroborated by empirical evidence. This study investigates whether reward-based structures provide a satisfactory resolution for social dilemmas in the context of imperfect information. The findings suggest that reward structures facilitate higher cooperation levels and afford participants greater welfare in imperfect information scenarios. Notably, the majority of participants demonstrated a preference for reward structures, even amidst substantial information noise. This research illuminates the superior applicability of reward structures in real-world contexts.
Temporal Dynamics of Reward Processing in Humans: From Anticipation to Consummation
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Institutional Quarantine and Economic Preferences
Quarantine is a public health measure that has been used for centuries to prevent the spread of infectious diseases; however, the social cost of such measures is poorly understood. Based on a quarantine event, we conduct an online lab-in-the-field experiment in China to examine the role of institutional quarantine on economic preferences. We find that institutional quarantine reduces social preferences (altruism, trust, and trustworthiness) but has no influence on risk and time preferences. These impacts persist throughout the quarantine period. Approximately six months after the quarantine event, trust is fully restored, altruism is partially restored, but trustworthiness is not. We also find that a thank-you note can mitigate the negative effects of institutional quarantine on altruism and trust, but not on trustworthiness. Policymakers should consider effective strategies to mitigate the detrimental effects of institutional quarantine.
Applied Economics, Business and Development
This four-volume-set (CCIS 208, 209, 210, 211) constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Symposium on Applied Economics, Business and Development, ISAEBD 2011, held in Dalian, China, in August 2011. The papers address issues related to Applied Economics, Business and Development and cover various research areas including Economics, Management, Education and its Applications.
Advances in Swarm Intelligence, Part II
The two-volume set (LNCS 6728 and 6729) constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Swarm Intelligence, ICSI 2011, held in Chongqing, China, in June 2011. The 143 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 298 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on theoretical analysis of swarm intelligence algorithms, particle swarm optimization, applications of pso algorithms, ant colony optimization algorithms, bee colony algorithms, novel swarm-based optimization algorithms, artificial immune system, differential evolution, neural networks, genetic algorithms, evolutionary computation, fuzzy methods, and hybrid algorithms - for part I. Topics addressed in part II are such as multi-objective optimization algorithms, multi-robot, swarm-robot, and multi-agent systems, data mining methods, machine learning methods, feature selection algorithms, pattern recognition methods, intelligent control, other optimization algorithms and applications, data fusion and swarm intelligence, as well as fish school search - foundations and applications.
