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Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring
The availability of new technologies that enable blood pressure to be measured and re corded continuously or repetitively during prolonged observation periods has created ex citing opportunities for studying the physiology of blood pressure regulation and the characteristics of clinical hypertension. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring has been based on three types of approach. The first of these has utilized an intra-arterial catheter that allows blood pressure to be meas ured directly and continuously during a full 24-hour period. The second approach is based on non-invasive techniques, and utilizes devices capable of automatically inflating conventional arm cuffs and recording blood pres...
Low Dose Oral and Transdermal Therapy of Hypertension
This book brings together papers presented at an international symposium on centrally acting antihypertensive agents held in Geneva, Switzerland, in association with the 10th Scientific Meeting of the International Society of Hypertension. A major focus of this symposium was the sympatholytic agent, clonidine, and was partly stimulated by the re cent development of an innovative transdermal system for administering this antihyper tensive drug. Although clonidine has been available to clinicians for several years, there has been a re cent reawakening of interest in this type of medication. The centrally-acting antihyper tensive agents appear to be effective both as monotherapy and in combination with other drugs. There are no significant contraindications to their use, and they do not appear to produce metabolic side effects. In this symposium we have paid attention to two types of patients: those with uncomplicated mild hypertension, and those with more difficult forms of hypertension associated with concurrent conditions.
Chronobiotechnology and Chronobiological Engineering
High blood pressure (BP) (with fats and smoking) is one of the three roots of cardio-cerebro-renovascular disease affecting up to 25% of the adult population. Hence, high blood pressure should be recognized and treated, to reduce any complications and prolong life, as noted by Michael Weber of the Veterans Administration Hospital in Long Beach, California. He further emphasizes the need for monitoring before one starts the treatment of high blood pressure. Indeed, he refers to the results of the Australian study on mild hypertension with a large percentage of placebo responders and rightly suggests that many people are treated who should not be because of 'white-coat-associated high blood pressure'. He also points to the lack of standardization of techniques for data analysis and of methods of BP measurement. Ambulatory monitoring under usual condi tions without concomitant recording of events does not allow even a qualitative assessment of the impact of varying stimuli, in weber's opinion.
Handbook of Research Methods in Cardiovascular Behavioral Medicine
Cardiovascular disease continues to be the number ioral medicine" was developed and shaped into the one source of morbidity and mortality in our coun following definition: try. Despite a 35% reduction since 1964, these Behavioral medicine is the interdisciplinary field con diseases, particularly coronary heart disease cerned with the development and integration of behav (CHD), claim nearly 1,000,000 lives each year in ioral and biomedical science knowledge and techniques the United States (Havlik & Feinleib, 1979). relevant to the understanding of health and illness and The Framingham study, among others, has iden the application of this knowledge and these techniques to prevention, diagnosi...
Blood Pressure Measurements
In addition to standardized casual blood pressure readings, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) - using automatic noninvasive (= indirect) devices for home readings and fully automated monitors for 24-h profiles - have become a widely used necessary tool in clinical research. This book summarizes the state of the art in the whole field of indirect blood pressure monitoring. It is based on two international meetings and on invited papers. We have divided the subject matter into two main areas: 1) Automatic blood pressure devices for discontinuous registration, and 2) Portable, fully automated programmable monitors for continuous monitoring. The availability of all new technologies is ...
Clinical Applied Psychophysiology
Although the injunction "Know thyself" was inscribed over the site of the Delphic Oracle, the concept is of much more ancient lineage. Thousands of years ago, the wise men of the East had learned to exert authority over a broad range of bodily experiences and functions using techniques that are still taught today. But it is only in the past few decades that the West has become aware once again of the range of control that the central nervous system can maintain over sensation and body function. Medicine has moved slowly in integrating these concepts into the classic medical model of disease despite a growing body of evidence that links emotional state, thought, and imagery to immunocompetenc...
DERMATOTOXICOLOGY 4ED
A guide to the field of dermatotoxicology. This edition includes fundamental information on the mechanisms of action of toxic substances on skin as well as practical information on the varied responses of skin to specific toxic substances and approaches to evaluating dermal toxicity. Other topics discussed include: hostile natural elements, such as ultraviolet radiation, poisonous plants, man-made detergents and chemicals; problems associated with chronic occupational skin exposure to toxic chemicals; animal alternative research programmes; carcinogenic and Photo Carcinogenic Potential Of Xenobiotic Chemicals; Oculotoxicity; Risk assessment and management; and cosmetic safety. Anatomical factors affecting barrier functions/ lipids of the permeability barrier/the skin immune system.
Mild Hypertension
There is clear evidence that in severe hypertension lowering blood pressure, by drug therapy decreases the incidence of major cardiovascular events. Recent studies suggest that such benefit may also extend to patients with mild to moderate hypertension. The putative benefits of drugs may be offset, however, by their adverse effects and a prime example is the increased incidence of impotence and metabolic disorders in patients on thiazide diuretics. There is, therefore, a real need to look further into the therapy of patients with mild to moderate hypertension. The ideal drug in such patients would oppose the basic mechanisms responsible for the elevation in blood pressure, would prevent coun...
Behavioral Aspects of Cardiovascular Disease
Smoking, diet, stress, coping, and exercise, among other behaviors and psychological states, are now clearly implicated in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Prevention, based largely on altering behaviors that contribute to this chronic disease, is now as important a goal as is treatment of those already afflicted. This volume, based on a recent meeting of the Academy of Behavioral Medicine Research, addresses several important areas of research in the general area of cardiovascular disease. The topics covered reflect on important aspects of this phenomenon, such as the long-term development of coronary artery disease; central nervous system (CNS) regulation of blood pressure, hear...
