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First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.
Until the 1990s, it was generally accepted that medicines were first developed for adults and their use in children was investigated later, if at all. One of the main tasks of hospital pharmacies was the manufacturing of child-appropriate formulations in a more or less makeshift way. The first change came in 1997 with U.S. legislation that rewarded manufacturers to do voluntary pediatric research. Ten years later, the European Union passed legislation that required manufacturers to discuss all pediatric aspects, including formulations, with the regulatory authorities as a condition of starting the registration procedure. In consequence, manufacturers must now cover all age groups, including ...
The objective of this volume is to give an overview of the present state of the art of pediatric clinical pharmacology including developmental physiology, pediatric-specific pathology, special tools and methods for development of drugs for children (assessment of efficacy, toxicity, long-term safety etc.) as well as regulatory and ethical knowledge and skills. In the future, structural and educational changes have to lead back to a closer cooperation and interaction of pediatrics with (clinical) pharmacology and pharmacy.
In order to provide safe and effective drug therapy to neonates, it is necessary to know about and understand the impact their development has on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs. The fact that children are different and neonates very different from adults means that, in neonates, it would be unwise to dose medications by scaling down adult doses proportionately, simply attempting to match their smaller weight and/or body surface area. When one makes decisions about neonatal drug therapy, one must not only take into consideration the available data but also critically assess and interpret this information within the context of fetal development and maturational processes as well as within the context of diseases that might affect a drug’s biodisposition. This book includes the latest information on the regulation and scientific basis of drug development and also provides a rationale for formula development for preterm infants. It offers guidance on how to translate pharmacokinetic data into dosing recommendations and also covers legal and regulatory issues relating to neonatal pharmacotherapy.
This is a comprehensive and authoritative presentation of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and target controlled infusion (TCI). The editors’ international reputation has enabled them to recruit leading experts from around the world to write single-author chapters in their area of expertise. Total Intravenous Anesthesia and Target Controlled Infusions is the first multi-disciplinary, globally authored volume on the topic. Providing a single source of information on all aspects of TIVA and TCI, from pharmacologic modeling and the pharmacology of intravenous anesthetic drugs to practical considerations in the clinical setting and the requirements of special populations, Total Intravenous Anesthesia and Target Controlled Infusions examines the debate about the risks and advantages of TIVA, analyze outcome studies, and provides guidance on creating a curriculum to teach TIVA and TCI.
Ghiysbrecht van Tuyl, a knight, and his wife Agnes serve the Duke of Gerle (now province Gelderland in the Netherlands) in the 14th century. In the 17th century, the line branched when descendants emigrated to the US. Each branch is traced to the late 20th century.
This is a major revision, updating, and expansion of the leading single-source volume on pediatric sedation outside of the operating room. Edited and written by an international roster of outstanding experts, it is the only book aimed at the broad range of specialists who deliver pediatric sedation in the non-OR setting. The Second Edition features a significant expansion of contributions from international leaders and individual new chapters on pre-sedation assessment; sedatives’ short- and long-term effects on neurocognition; non-pharmacologic distractions; Michael Jackson’s death and medical ethics; the role of simulation in safety and training; and palliative sedation in terminally i...
Offering the comprehensive, authoritative information needed for effective diagnosis, treatment, and management of sick and premature infants, Fetal and Neonatal Physiology, 6th Edition, is an invaluable resource for board review, clinical rounds, scientific research, and day-to-day practice. This trusted two-volume text synthesizes recent advances in the field into definitive guidance for today's busy practitioner, focusing on the basic science needed for exam preparation and key information required for full-time practice. It stands alone as the most complete text available in this complex and fast-changing field, yet is easy to use for everyday application. - Offers definitive guidance on...