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By examining the problem of places of refuge for ships in distress and proposed solutions under international, national and regional law, Places of Refuge for Ships in Distress by Anthony Morrison highlights the need for further solutions and presents alternative solutions.
In Eco-Performance, Art, and Spatial Justice in the US, Courtney B. Ryan traces how urban artists in the US from the 1970s until today contend with environmental domestication and spatial injustice through performance. In theater, art, film, and digital media, the artists featured in this book perform everyday, spatialized micro-acts to contest the mutual containment of urbanites and nonhuman nature. Whether it is plant artist Vaughn Bell going for a city stroll in her personal biosphere, photographer Naima Green photographing Black urbanites in lush New York City parks, guerrilla gardeners launching seed bombs into abandoned city lots, or a satirical tweeter parodying BP’s response to the...
A report on H.R. 2454, the Amer. Clean Energy and Security Act. The bill would amend the Clean Air Act to establish a cap-and-trade system designed to reduce U.S. greenhouse gas emissions 17% below 2005 levels by 2020 and 83% below 2005 levels by 2050. The market-based approach would establish a cap on the emissions and would allow trading of emissions permits (¿allowances¿). The bill contains energy efficiency provisions that cover grants, standards, rebates and other programs for bldgs., lighting and commercial equip., water-using equip., wood stoves, industrial equip., and healthcare facilities. It contains provisions related to vehicles and fuels, incl. incentives to produce plug-in vehicles and other advanced technology vehicles. Illustrations.
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Global climate change is one of the most daunting ethical and political challenges confronting humanity in the twenty-first century. The intergenerational and transnational ethical issues raised by climate change have been the focus of a significant body of scholarship. In this new collection of essays, leading scholars engage and respond to first-generation scholarship and argue for new ways of thinking about our ethical obligations to present and future generations. Topics addressed in these essays include moral accountability for energy consumption and emissions, egalitarian and libertarian perspectives on mitigation, justice in relation to cap and trade schemes, the ethics of adaptation and the ethical dimensions of the impact of climate change on nature.
Existing climate change governance regimes in the US and the EU contain complex mixtures of regulatory, market, voluntary, and research-based strategies. The EU has adopted an approach to climate change that is based on mandatory greenhouse gas emission reductions; it is grounded in 'hard' law measures and accompanied by 'soft' law measures at the regional and Member State level. In contrast, until recently, the US federal government has carefully avoided mandatory emission reduction obligations and focused instead on employing a variety of 'soft' measures to encourage - rather than mandate - greenhouse gas emission reductions in an economically sound, market-driven manner. These macro level...
This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. Aircraft are a significant source of greenhouse gases. In the U.S., aircraft of all kinds are estimated to emit between 2.6% and 3.4% of the nation¿s total greenhouse gas emissions. The impact of U.S. aviation on climate change is perhaps twice that size when other factors are considered. These include the contribution of aircraft emissions to ozone formation, and the water vapor and soot that aircraft emit. This report provides background on aviation emissions and the factors affecting them; discusses the tools available to control emissions, incl. existing authority under the Clean Air Act and proposed economy-wide cap-and-trade legislation; and examines international regulatory developments that may affect U.S. commercial airlines. Charts and tables.
This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. Facets of the cost issue that have raised concern regarding a greenhouse gas reduction program include absolute costs to the economy, dist. of costs across industries, competitive impact domestically and internationally, incentives for new technol., and uncertainty about costs. Contents of this report: (1) Intro.: Price Versus Quantity Debate; (2) Five Dimensions of the Cost Issue; (3) Addressing Cost Concerns: Tonnage Options; Expand Supply Options; Carbon Tax: Economic-Based Circuit Breaker; Technol.-Based Timetable: Banking and Borrowing; Auctioning Permits; Safety Valve; (4) Illustrative Approaches; (5) Resolving the Price-Quantity Issue; (6) Selected Options to Address Cost Uncertainty of Greenhouse Gas Reduction Programs. Charts and tables.
Contents: Part 1: Climate Change (CC) Issues: CC Science; Sources of GHG Emissions, and Removals from the Atmosphere; Projections of Greenhouse Gas (GG)-Induced CC; Potential Impacts of Projected CC; Proposed GG Concent. Targets; Program Design and the Costs of GHG Mitigation; Benefits of Mitigating CC; Importance of the Dist. of Losses (or Gains); Part 2: Internat. and Domestic Policy Fields; Status of Internat. Coop. on CC; Domestic Policy on CC; Part 3: The Policy Tool Box; Regulatory and Market Tools to Reduce GG; Market Facilitation Tools; Tools to Stimulate Technological Change; Options to Ease the Economic Transition; Internat. Policy Tools; Tools to Stimulate Adaptation to CC; Choices Ahead for Policy-Makers.
Global climate change continues to be a front-burner issues whether ignored by governments or not. The clock continues to tick. This new book presents the latest research on this crucial issue.