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Long-Term Consequences of Adolescent Drug Use: Evidence from Pre-Clinical and Clinical Models
The purpose of this collection is to provide a forum to integrate pre-clinical and clinical investigations regarding the long-term consequences of adolescent exposure to drugs of abuse. Adolescence is characterized by numerous behavioral and biological changes, including substantial neurodevelopment. Behaviorally, adolescents are more likely to engage in risky activities and make impulsive decisions. As such, the majority of substance use begins in adolescence, and an earlier age of onset of use (<15 yr) is strongly associated with the risk for developing a substance use disorder later in life. Furthermore, adolescent drug use may negatively impact ongoing neurological development, which cou...
Topics in Public Health
Public health has been defined as the efforts of a community that allow a population to remain healthy. This definition is very inclusive, so elements of clinical care, health promotion and many other fields contribute to the larger discipline of public health. The profession has evolved in recent years, with the emphasis in the developed world changing from the hygiene method for control of infectious diseases to a more complex approach to address chronic disease. However, the focus in public health continues to be the population. This book provides a sample of fields that contribute to the public health profession. Its broad approach provides examples of the core fields of public health, including environmental health, epidemiology, biostatistics, health administration, and health behavior.
Environmental Health
Environmental health practitioners worldwide are frequently presented with issues that require further investigating and acting upon so that exposed populations can be protected from ill-health consequences. These environmental factors can be broadly classified according to their relation to air, water or food contamination. However, there are also work-related, occupational health exposures that need to be considered as a subset of this dynamic academic field. This book presents a review of the current practice and emerging research in the three broadly defined domains, but also provides reference for new emerging technologies, health effects associated with particular exposures and environmental justice issues. The contributing authors themselves display a range of backgrounds and they present a developing as well as a developed world perspective. This book will assist environmental health professionals to develop best practice protocols for monitoring a range of environmental exposure scenarios.
Research on Emotion and Learning: Contributions from Latin America
Latin America has increased its share of world scientific publications by nearly twofold during the last two decades (approximately from 2 to 4%). Despite this positive trend, the scholarly impact of scientific research produced in the region - measured in terms of citation rate - remains low. Two interrelated factors that contribute to this situation is that most research groups tend to work in isolation or in local sporadic collaboration, and results are often published in journals that are not indexed in major citation databases (e.g., SCOPUS, or Web of Science). Ultimately, part of Latin American high-quality research seems to remain hidden from the rest of the world. Over the last decad...
Brain Reward & Stress Systems in Addiction
Addiction to drugs and alcohol is a dynamic and multi-faceted disease process in humans, with devastating health and financial consequences for the individual and society-at-large. In humans, drug and alcohol use disorders (i.e., abuse and dependence) are defined by clusters of behavioral symptoms that can be modeled to various degrees in animals. Hallmark behavioral symptoms associated with drug and alcohol dependence are compulsive drug use, loss of control during episodes of drug use, the emergence of a negative emotional state in the absence of the drug, and chronic relapse vulnerability during drug abstinence. The transition to drug dependence is defined by neuroadaptations in brain cir...
Fundamentos de Neurociencia
Conocido el carácter experimental de la asignatura Fundamentos de Neurociencia, las clases prácticas hacen posible un acercamiento real a las técnicas y conocimientos ya expuestos durante el desarrollo del temario. Ahora, el alumno podrá observar y reproducir experimentalmente muchos de los procesos que ya ha visto de forma teórica, de forma que estas clases se convierten, por una parte, en un refuerzo de los conceptos ya explicados y, por otra parte, en un método idóneo para que el alumno entre en contacto directo con el método científico experimental. La implicación en las clases prácticas constituirá una de las herramientas para que el alumnado desarrolle ese espíritu crític...
Acciones de innovación educativa en entornos enriquecidos con tecnologías del aprendizaje y la comunicación
La repentina aparición de la pandemia producida por la COVID-19 a principios del año 2020 obligó a los centros educativos a acelerar, comenzar en algunos casos, una necesaria transformación digital en todos sus procesos, principalmente en el educativo. Dicha transformación debe ser más que una simple digitalización; conlleva también un análisis sobre hasta qué punto las tecnologías pueden transformar los procesos o llegar a cambiarlos completamente. En el contexto docente, esto requiere replantear o adaptar las metodologías, los contenidos, los procesos de evaluación, e incluso las tutorías. Ahora bien, esta evolución o transformación digital docente no empieza de cero: son m...
The Misfortunes of Alonso Ramírez
In 1690, a dramatic account of piracy was published in Mexico City. The Misfortunes of Alonso Ramírez described the incredible adventures of a poor Spanish American carpenter who was taken captive by British pirates near the Philippines and forced to work for them for two years. After circumnavigating the world, he was freed and managed to return to Mexico, where the Spanish viceroy commissioned the well-known Mexican scholar Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora to write down Ramírez's account as part of an imperial propaganda campaign against pirates. The Misfortunes of Alonso Ramírez has long been regarded as a work of fiction—in fact, as Latin America's first novel—but Fabio López Láza...
