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The formation of a complex multicellular organism from a single cell is one of the most amazing processes of biology. Embryonic development is characterised by the careful regulation of cellular behaviours such that cells proliferate, migrate, differentiate and form tissues at the correct place and time. These processes are genetically controlled and depend both on the history of cells, their lineage, and on the activities of signalling pathways, which coordinate the cell interactions leading to organogenesis. The aim of the Frontiers research topic “Signalling pathways in embryonic development” has been to provide a forum for experts in cell and developmental biology to share recent adv...
p38 Mitogen activated protein kinases (p38MAPK) are a group of evolutionary conserved protein kinases which are central for cell adaptation to environmental changes as well as for immune response, inflammation, tissue regeneration and tumour formation. The interest in this group of protein kinases has grown continually since their discovery. Recent studies using new genetic and pharmacological tools are providing helpful information on the function of these stress-activated protein kinases and show that they have an acute impact on the development of prevalent diseases related to inflammation, diabetes, neurodegeneration, and cancer. In this Special Issue we present novel advances and review the knowledge on the identification of p38MAPK substrates, functions, and regulation; mechanisms underlying the role of p38MAPK in malignant transformation and other pathologies; and therapeutic opportunities associated with regulation of p38MAPK activity.
In both vertebrates and invertebrates, Hedgehog signaling regulates the development of the tissues and structures of the body. In addition, many cancers and diseases arise as a result of misregulation of the pathway, which makes it an incredibly important system to understand. This volume examines various methods used in the analysis of the Hedgehog signaling pathway, bringing together different lines of analyses into one accessible and comprehensive text. This volume provides a single source for investigators, presenting several different experimental approaches, which are all varied and broad in nature, as well as procedures for a variety of different model systems. Researchers will find this volume to be an invaluble tool as they work towards deeper understanding of the underlying molecular events that the Hedgehog signaling pathway regulates.