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The Science Review Article
This volume presents the science review article as an opportune genre for introducing rhetorical diversity into scientific communities. First, it discusses the theoretical issues involved in applying the notion of a discourse community to that of an international science discourse community and examines the practical issues faced by writers who must use a language system that is not their mother tongue in order to become active participants. The review article is argued to be important in shaping the views of scientific discourse communities. Next, based on specialist informant and linguistic findings, review articles are classified into four different types according to their focus: history, status quo, theory/model or issue. Finally, practical suggestions for teaching how to write a review article are offered based on a framework of Moves and Steps, which can be expanded to the teaching of other genres.
Handbook of Japanese Applied Linguistics
Applied linguistics is the best single label to represent a wide range of contemporary research at the intersection of linguistics, anthropology, psychology, and sociology, to name a few. The Handbook of Japanese Applied Linguistics reflects crosscurrents in applied linguistics, an ever-developing branch/discipline of linguistics. The book is divided into seven sections, where each chapter discusses in depth the importance of particular topics, presenting not only new findings in Japanese, but also practical implications for other languages. Section 1 examines first language acquisition/development, whereas Section 2 covers issues related to second language acquisition/development and biling...
Effects of Frequency in Classroom Second Language Learning
The view of exemplar-based second language learning emphasizes the importance of frequency in learning grammar. According to this view, type frequency rather than token frequency contributes to learning generalized knowledge beyond item-based constructions. This book investigates how frequency in experiencing exemplars affects the learning of the English primary verb be by junior high school students in Japan. The study consists of a quasi-experiment and stimulated-recall analysis of the data. The quasi-experiment compares three kinds of output practice: practice with increased type frequency, practice with increased token frequency, and practice without increased frequency. The experiment also explores how the frequency effects relate to the extent of explicit knowledge about the target structures. In the stimulated-recall analysis, learners engaging in the type frequency practice and those engaging in the token frequency practice are compared in terms of thought processes employed while practicing. The book discusses how frequency promotes classroom second language learning by taking the role of awareness of form-meaning connections into consideration.
Intercultural and International Business Communications
This volume originates from the editors' interest in one of the most relevant fields of research these days: Intercultural and International Business Communication. The needs of the business world to communicate effectively at an international level in order to overcome language differences have proved to be a fascinating topic for many scholars. International business discourse is culturally-situated and therefore context-dependent, and all three - discourse, culture and context - play a key role in the communication process. The present contributions analyse this topic under the perspective of theory, research and teaching. Different scholars have offered their views on the subject, presenting contributions on different areas related to business communication all over the world.
Insights Into Specialized Translation
This volume focuses on specialist translation - one of the areas of translation in greatest demand in our age of globalization. The 16 chapters deal not only with the classical domains of science and technology, law, socio-politics and medicine but also with lesser researched areas such as archeology, geography, nutrigenomics and others. As a whole, the book achieves a blend of theory and practice. It addresses a variety of issues such as translation strategy based on text type and purpose, intercultural transfer and quality assessment, as well as textual and terminological issues in bilingual and multilingual settings, including international organizations and the European Union. Today translation competence presupposes multidisciplinary skills. Whereas some chapters analyze the linguistic features of special-purpose texts and their function in specialized communication, others show how specialized translation has changed as a result of globalization and how advances in technology have altered terminology research and translation processing.
Linguistic and Translation Studies in Scientific Communication
This volume offers a collection of papers which seek to provide further insights into the way scientific and technical knowledge is communicated (i.e., written, transmitted, and translated) nowadays, not only in the academic sphere but also in society as a whole. Language in science has traditionally been valued for prioritising objective, propositional content; however, interpersonal and pragmatic dimensions as well as translation perspectives are worth exploring in order to better understand the mechanisms of specialised communication. Accordingly, the contributions in this volume cover topics of special interest to scholars and researchers in the fields of linguistics and translation, such as the popularisation and transmission of scientific knowledge via ICTs; terminology and corpus-based studies in scientific discourse; genres and discourse in scientific and technical communication; the history and evolution of scientific language; and translation of scientific texts.
Corpus linguistics around the world
This volume contains a selection of the papers delivered at the Corpus Linguistics 2003 conference, held at Lancaster University in April 2003. The papers selected address a wide range of world languages - Basque, Chinese, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Maltese, Russian, Spanish, and Slovene. Both synchronic and diachronic studies are included, as well as studies of learner language. In addition to mainstream linguistic analyses of phonetics, vocabulary, syntax, semantics, and rhetoric, application areas covered in the volume include financial forecasting, cross-cultural research, corpus processing, and language teaching.
Discourse, Ideology and Specialized Communication
This book approaches the issue of ideology in specialized communication in professional, institutional and disciplinary settings across domains as diverse as law, healthcare, corporate management, migration, NGOs, etc. What unites the contributors is their commitment to a discourse view of language use, i.e., the view that organisational and professional practices are rooted in social, ideological orders, although a variety of perspectives on the exact nature of the relationship between ideology and discourse can be discerned in individual chapters. The acts of interpretation - by participants and analysts alike - are invested in ideology, explicitly or implicitly. This manifest/hidden duality surrounding ideology-in-discourse constitutes the main focus. Challenging the traditional presumption of objectivity, impersonality and non-involvement that has often characterized research on Language for Specific Purposes, this book demonstrates how the specialized communication setting is a critical site where ideology is intrinsically embodied in discursive practices.
STEM English in Japan
This book focuses on Japanese science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) students and their experiences of learning English. Students majoring in STEM face unique circumstances regarding their English language education. Despite the global use of English in these fields, the authors argue that Japanese STEM students fail to take advantage of coursework, extracurricular materials, teachers, peers, and other resources to raise their communicative abilities to a sufficient level for the workplace. This book offers insights into how STEM students can learn English more effectively and purposefully. The chapters provide firsthand perspectives into the psychologies, educational programs, and future workplace situations of Japanese STEM students, who are the innovators, inventors, and researchers of the future. This book will appeal to applied linguists and language teachers wherever STEM English is taught.
Corpus Linguistics
The aim of this volume is to present a state-of-the-art view on corpus studies. This collection of papers, presented at the XII Susanne Hübner Seminar in November 2003 at the University of Zaragoza, comprises both quantitative and qualitative analyses and studies on both written and oral corpora. Structured in seven sections, the book covers a wide range of approaches and methodologies and reflects current linguistic research. The papers have been written by scholars from a large number of universities, mainly from Europe, but also from the USA and Asia. The volume offers contributions on diachronic studies, pragmatic analyses and cognitive linguistics, as well as on translation and English for Specific Purposes. The book includes several papers on corpus design and reports on research on oral corpora. At a more specific level, the papers analyse aspects such as politeness issues, dialectology, comparable corpora, discourse markers, the expression of evidentiality and writer stance, metaphor and metonymy, conditional sentences, evaluative adjectives, delexicalised verbs and nominalization.
