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The town of Bethel is located in Sullivan County, 90 miles northwest of New York City. Bethel was established on March 27, 1809, and the first hotel in the county opened in the hamlet of White Lake in 1846. Hundreds of hotels were to follow, from the Arlington to the Woodlawn Villa. During the silver and golden ages, White Lake became fashionable, and many people flocked to the clean water of the lake, fresh mountain air, and grand hotels. The tanneries, gristmills, and sawmills were prosperous during the 1800s. In 1969, Bethel was the site of the Woodstock Music and Arts Fair that drew nearly 500,000 people to the town. Through vintage images, Bethel recalls this town's vibrant past.
From nature, we observe swarming behavior in the form of ant colonies, bird flocking, animal herding, honey bees, swarming of bacteria, and many more. It is only in recent years that researchers have taken notice of such natural swarming systems as culmination of some form of innate collective intelligence, albeit swarm intelligence (SI) - a metaphor that inspires a myriad of computational problem-solving techniques. In computational intelligence, swarm-like algorithms have been successfully applied to solve many real-world problems in engineering and sciences. This handbook volume serves as a useful foundational as well as consolidatory state-of-art collection of articles in the field from ...