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Radiotracer Studies of Interfaces presents a selection of examples illustrating the application of radiotracer studies for different types of interfaces. The value of radiotracer studies in fields such as food chemistry, corrosion of metals, neurochemistry, biology and catalysis is revealed. Separate chapters are devoted to the environmental problems connected with nuclear reactors and with the nuclear industry in general. The book also presents efforts to minimize and avoid the risk of radioactive contamination in the environment by describing new approaches to the problem. Demonstrates the use of radiotracers Contains a detailed discussion of double-layer phenomena Separate chapters are devoted to the most important branches of science where radiotracer study of interfacial phenomena plays an important role
This book was originally conceived at a conference at the University of Turin in Italy. The conference was organized to examine the so-called “Malaria Hypothesis”, that is to say, the higher fitness of t- lassemia heterozygotes in a malarial environment, and to pay tribute to the proponent of that hypothesis, J.B.S. Haldane. Contributors to this book examine certain genetic and evolutionary aspects of malaria which is a major killer of human populations, especially in Africa and Asia. There were attempts to discredit Haldane’s contribution from two directions: (a) it has been suggested that the “Malaria Hypothesis” was known long before Haldane and that there was nothing original a...
Vector-borne diseases are a major health problem in South-East Asia and in other parts of the world. There are about 4,500 mosquito species in existence; species belonging to the Anopheles genus transmit malaria. Combating malaria is part of the Millennium Development Goals, and vector control is a key strategy both regionally and globally. Therefore, the review and dissemination of information on vector species is critically important. Most of the anophelines that are involved in the transmission of malaria in South and South-East Asia have been identified as species complexes. Members of a species complex are reproductively isolated evolutionary units with distinct gene pools and hence they differ in their biological characteristics. In 1998 WHO published Anopheline Species Complexes in South-East Asia. New identification tools have been developed since then, and therefore this updated edition was needed. It summarizes work that has been done on anopheline cryptic species and will be highly valuable to researchers, field entomologists and malaria-control program managers.
This volume is based on the 10th International Nidovirus Symposium: Towards Control of SARS and other Nidovirus Diseases. The volume includes articles by all of the major contributors to this burgeoning area of research which summarize the work presented at the meeting. This represents the only comprehensive book to cover this field in the last five years.
Infectious diseases are an ever present threat to humans. In recent years, the threat of these emerging viruses has been greater than ever before in human history, due in large part to global travel by larger numbers of people, and to a lesser extent to disruptions in the interface between developed and undeveloped areas. The emergence of new deadly viruses in human populations during recent decades has confirmed this risk. They remain the third leading cause of deaths in the US and the second world-wide. Emerging Viruses in Human Populations provides a comprehensive review of viruses that are emerging or that threaten to emerge among human populations in the twenty-first century. It discusses the apprehension over emerging viruses that has intensified due to concerns about bioterrorism.* Presents the history of emerging viruses * Includes chapters on SARS, Pandemic Threat of Avian Influenza Viruses, West Nile Virus, Monkeypox Virus, Hantavirus, Nipah Virus and Hendra Virus, Japanese Encephalitis Virus, Dengue and Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses * Discusses surveillance for newly emerging diseases
There has been significant interest for designing flight controllers for small-scale unmanned helicopters. Such helicopters preserve all the physical attributes of their full-scale counterparts, being at the same time more agile and dexterous. This book presents a comprehensive and well justified analysis for designing flight controllers for small-scale unmanned helicopters guarantying flight stability and tracking accuracy. The design of the flight controller is a critical and integral part for developing an autonomous helicopter platform. Helicopters are underactuated, highly nonlinear systems with significant dynamic coupling that needs to be considered and accounted for during controller...
Anopheles mosquitoes are highly important insects due to their involvement in the transmission of human malaria and its devastating consequences in endemic countries worldwide. In 2010 alone, malaria was responsible for an estimated 660,000 deaths. As the study of Anopheles species and populations is a key element for reaching the goal of malaria elimination, an enormous amount of information has accumulated over the past century, and together in recent decades with the advent of novel technologies the acquisition of new knowledge has accelerated even further. The originality of this book is to offer the latest compilation on various research, new concepts, paradigms and innovative approaches for the control of anophelines using state-of-the-art methodologies and analysis. The 24 chapters, written by internationally recognized experts from 5 continents, cover the rich landscape for the understanding of Anopheles mosquitoes and the development of more effective weapons to control the vector of malaria.
The renormalization-group approach is largely responsible for the considerable success which has been achieved in the last ten years in developing a complete quantitative theory of phase transitions. Before, there was a useful physical picture of phase transitions, but a general method for making accurate quantitative predictions was lacking. Existent theories, such as the mean-field theory of Landau, sometimes reproduce phase diagrams reliably but were known to fail qualitatively near critical points, where the critical behavior is particularly interesting be cause of its universal character. In the mid 1960's Widom found that the singularities in thermodynamic quanti ties were well describ...
The vast majority of Christians in India are landless laborers descended from low-caste converts or animistic origins. Thus, the middle and upper castes in India regard Christianity as an untouchable religion.