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Legal Certainty in a Contemporary Context
This book addresses issues concerning the shifting contemporary meaning of legal certainty. The book focuses on exploring the emerging tensions that exist between the demand for legal certainty and the challenges of regulating complex, late modern societies. The book is divided into two parts: the first part focusing on debates around legal certainty at the national level, with a primary emphasis on criminal law; and the second part focusing on debates at the transnational level, with a primary emphasis on the regulation of transnational commercial transactions. In the context of legal modernity, the principle of legal certainty—the idea that the law must be sufficiently clear to provide t...
Life Imprisonment
Life imprisonment has replaced capital punishment as the most common sentence imposed for heinous crimes worldwide. As a consequence, it has become the leading issue in international criminal justice reform. In the first global survey of prisoners serving life terms, Dirk van Zyl Smit and Catherine Appleton argue for a human rights–based reappraisal of this exceptionally harsh punishment. The authors estimate that nearly half a million people face life behind bars, and the number is growing as jurisdictions both abolish death sentences and impose life sentences more freely for crimes that would never have attracted capital punishment. Life Imprisonment explores this trend through systemati...
Artificial Intelligence, Social Harms and Human Rights
This book critically explores how and to what extent artificial intelligence (AI) can infringe human rights and/or lead to socially harmful consequences and how to avoid these. The European Union has outlined how it will use big data, machine learning, and AI to tackle a number of inherently social problems, including poverty, climate change, social inequality and criminality. The contributors of this book argue that the developments in AI must take place in an appropriate legal and ethical framework and they make recommendations to ensure that harm and human rights violations are avoided. The book is split into two parts: the first addresses human rights violations and harms that may occur in relation to AI in different domains (e.g. border control, surveillance, facial recognition) and the second part offers recommendations to address these issues. It draws on interdisciplinary research and speaks to policy-makers and criminologists, sociologists, scholars in STS studies, security studies scholars and legal scholars.
Core Concepts in Criminal Law and Criminal Justice
Volume two of a comparative study of the concepts that underpin different domestic systems of criminal law and justice.
Strafzumessung
In September 2018 the criminal law section of the 72nd Deutscher Juristentag (DJT, “German Assembly of Jurists”) debated the question “Sentencing Guidelines vs. Free Judicial Discretion – Is German Sentencing Law in Need of Reform?” Despite the expert opinion provided by Johannes Kaspar and the accompanying scholarly commentaries, ensuing proposals for fundamental reform met with rejection. The comparative perspective was limited to the US Federal sentencing guidelines. The intention of this volume is therefore, on the one hand, to draw a more nuanced picture of Anglo-American sentencing law focusing on three legal systems (England/Wales, USA and Canada) accompanied by commentaries from a German perspective; on the other hand, we want to make the German perspective (better) known within the Anglo-American legal world by reproducing important DJT documents in English language. To ensure the widest possible distribution we opted for a bilingual open access publication.
European Sourcebook of Crime and Criminal Justice Statistics – 2021
This is the sixth edition of a data collection initiative that started in 1993 under the umbrella of the Council of Europe and has been continued since 2000 by an international group of experts. These experts also act as regional coordinators of a network of national correspondents whose contribution has been decisive in collecting and validating data on a variety of subjects from 42 countries. The Sourcebook is composed of six chapters. The first five cover the current main types of national crime and criminal justice statistics – police, prosecution, conviction, prison, and probation statistics – for the years 2011 to 2016, providing detailed analysis for 2015. The sixth chapter covers national victimization surveys, providing rates for the main indicators every five years from 1990 to 2015. As with every new edition of the Sourcebook, the group has tried to improve data quality as well as comparability and, where appropriate, increase the scope of data collection. This new edition will continue to promote comparative research throughout Europe and make European experiences and data available worldwide.
Judge Pinto de Albuquerque and the Progressive Development of International Human Rights Law
For the first time, an English-written book collects the most salient opinions of Judge Paulo Pinto de Albuquerque (European Court of Human Rights).
Angewandte Kriminologie – Justizbezogene Forschung
On 22 June 2018 the 12th Colloquium on Criminal Law and Justice took place in Göttingen, followed by a farewell symposium for Jörg-Martin Jehle on the next day. In the same year, Jörg-Martin Jehle retired after 22 years of work at the Georg August University of Göttingen. This event coincided with the 50th anniversary of criminology in Göttingen, the topic of the 12th Colloquium. This book is based on these occasions, but also contains some additional articles in honor of Jörg-Martin Jehle from close companions, who for different reasons were not able to participate in the two events. This volume comprises articles on the history of criminological research at Göttingen University and on the topics of custodial sanctions, offender research, sentencing effects, penal law reform as well as historical and international perspectives. All the papers are related to the research work of Jörg-Martin Jehle.
Brauchen wir eine Reform der freiheitsentziehenden Sanktionen?
Das Sanktionenrecht ist derzeit Gegenstand zahlreicher Reformdiskussionen. Angestossen durch Urteile des Europäischen Gerichtshofs für Menschenrechte und des Bundesverfassungsgerichts wurde das Recht der Sicherungsverwahrung in den vergangenen Jahren bereits verändert. Zu einer Änderung des Rechts der Unterbringung im Psychiatrischen Krankenhaus gem. § 63 StGB liegt ein Diskussionsentwurf der Bund-Länder-Arbeitsgruppe vor. Zu fragen ist jedoch, ob und wann Veränderungen einzelner Vorschriften nicht auch zu einer Veränderung des zweispurigen Sanktionensystems an sich führen. Aus diesem Grund machte es sich das Kriminalwissenschaftliche Kolloquium 2014 zur Aufgabe, das System der freiheitsentziehenden Sanktionen als Ganzes in den Blick zu nehmen und einen möglicherweise bestehenden Reformbedarf herauszuarbeiten. Das jährlich stattfindende Kriminalwissenschaftliche Kolloquium greift jeweils aktuelle Themen aus dem Bereich der gesamten Strafrechtswissenschaften auf und möchte die fachliche Diskussion im Wege des wissenschaftlichen Austauschs bereichern. Dieser Band liefert einen Beitrag zur Reformdiskussion im Bereich des Sanktionenrechts.
