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This book offers a comprehensive guide to thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology. Borderline/precursor tumors, which were introduced in the 4th edition of the WHO classification of thyroid tumors, are also incorporated. In this second edition, prominent international experts discuss the different approaches to thyroid FNA cytology employed in various countries such as Australia, Canada, China, Korea, Portugal, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, the USA, UK, Italy and Japan. The book not only covers key principles of thyroid cytopathology but also addresses technical aspects such as procedural complications, liquid-based cytology, immunocytochemistry, staining procedures, and potential pitfalls. Case-based descriptions and clinical findings, radiologic imaging, cytology, and histopathologic diagnosis – all complemented by a wealth of detailed photographs – will help reader understand and overcome many common dilemmas in daily practice. As such, the book represents an indispensable reference work for all cytopathologists, especially those practicing thyroid cytopathology.
The WHO report estimates that 12 million people will be diagnosed with some form of cancer this year. In addition, the report predicts that more than 7 million people will die early from the disease. Together, the number of cancer cases and deaths from cancer are expected to increase by one percent each year. Cancer research has seen remarkable advancements, including the multi-step carcinogenesis theory and the identification of a cancer stem cell. These advancements are being applied to clinical therapies targeting the oncogne. In addition, the function of the gene product is becoming clear through analysis of the intracellular signaling of the oncogene. As a result, it has become clear th...
The previous edition of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology provided important updates and advances in the practice of thyroid cytopathology. It was inspired by new developments in the field of thyroid cytopathology since the publication of the first edition in 2010. These included revised clinical guidelines for the management of patients with thyroid nodules, the introduction of molecular testing as an adjunct to cytopathologic examination, and the reclassification of the non-invasive follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma as non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP). This new third edition provides updates to the c...
Breast cancer is a malignant tumour that has developed from cells of the breast. A malignant tumour is a group of cancer cells that may invade surrounding tissues or spread (metastasize) to distant areas of the body. The disease occurs almost entirely in women, but men can get it as well. The main types of breast cancer are ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, lobular carcinoma in situ, invasive lobular carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, and Paget's disease of the nipple . About 1 of 8 women will get it in her lifetime. This book presents the latest research in this field.
Breast cancer is a malignant tumour that has developed from cells of the breast. A malignant tumor is a group of cancer cells that may invade surrounding tissues or spread (metastasize) to distant areas of the body. The disease occurs almost entirely in women, but men can get it as well. The main types of breast cancer are ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, lobular carcinoma in situ, invasive lobular carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, and Paget's disease of the nipple. About 1 of 8 women will get it in her lifetime. This new book presents state-of-the-art research in this fast-moving field.
“There is something wrong with this freckle on my arm. I think it might be malignant. Why am I experiencing pain in my abdomen? Do I have a tumor?!” If similar concerns and questions fill your mind on a weekly, daily, or even hourly basis, then you may suffer from health anxiety. Take a deep breath and know you aren’t alone. Laura Abate’s Healing Health Anxiety delves into the inner workings of the brain and explains in detail how your lifestyle affects your daily experience. Freeing oneself from health anxiety is within reach. As a sufferer-turned-survivor, Abate reveals her personal journey in recovering from health anxiety and gives you all the knowledge she has gained along the way. Beginning with an in-depth look at neurophysiology, Abate uses her medical background to explain what happens to the human body when anxiety is manifested chronically. From there, she expounds on what those who suffer from anxiety can do to heal their mind, body, and soul. Join her as she shares her journey, and find true healing today.
Gene silencing is a general term describing epigenetic processes of gene regulation. The term gene silencing is generally used to describe the 'switching off' of a gene by a mechanism other than genetic mutation. That is, a gene which would be expressed (turned on) under normal circumstances, is switched off by machinery in the cell. Genes are regulated at either the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level. Transcriptional gene silencing is the result of histone modifications, creating an environment of heterochromatin around a gene that makes it inaccessible to transcriptional machinery (RNA polymerase, transcription factors, etc.). Post-transcriptional gene silencing is the result of mRNA of a particular gene being destroyed. The destruction of the mRNA prevents translation to form an active gene product (in most cases, a protein). A common mechanism of post-transcriptional gene silencing is RNAi. Both transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene silencing are used to regulate endogenous genes. This book presents the latest research in this important field.
This book reviews normal thymic structure and covers the histomorphology of benign and malignant tumors and rare lesions of the thymus, with detailed descriptions of over 300 full color photomicrographs accompanied by relevant clinical and radiology photographs and anatomical drawings. It includes chapters on the surgical pathology and cytology of thymic lesions (which is rarely described in the available literature), and all grades and stages of the most common thymic lesions. Written and edited by leading experts on pathology, the book highlights the expanded role of pathologists in patient care for thymic lesions. It will help students to understand thymic cytology and surgical pathology in detail and enable them to answer questions on thymic surgical resections and cytology cases in their pathology post-graduation examination. In addition, the book offers a comprehensive, richly illustrated guide to thymic pathology for clinicians, practicing pathologists, post-graduate residents and students alike.