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This collaborative book aims to offer a comprehensive introduction to global climate, the way it is currently changing, the role of earth, air and satellite observation and monitoring, and subsequent climate modelling. It focuses on the interaction between natural and anthropogenic human- made change factors. The book emphasizes the importance of capturing climatic data and the use of that data in computer-based climatic modelling.
It is well known that the ozone layer protects the Earth and its life from the harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation of the sun. It has also been discovered that this layer was being depleted to the extent that holes were appearing in it by several substances (such as CFCs) which have since been banned. Despite this action recent studies have shown that the ozone layer is still being depleted at a rapid rate and that holes are now beginning to appear over areas which are quite densely populated. Atmospheric Ozone Variability examines the potential problems that depletion of ozone causes in relation to climate change, human health and the ecosystem. It also examines the ways in which ozone is formed and depleted as being fundamental to the debate.
Climate change, a familiar term today, is far more than just global warming due to atmospheric greenhouse gases including CO2. In order to understand the nature of climate change, it is necessary to consider the whole climatic system, its complexity, and the ways in which natural and anthropogenic activities act and influence that system and the environment. Over the past 20 years since the first edition of Understanding Global Climate Change was published, not only has the availability of climate-related data and computer modelling changed, but our perceptions of it and its impact have changed as well. Using a combination of ground data, satellite data, and human impacts, this second editio...
Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of Oceans Igor V. Cherny and Victor Yu. Raizer In Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of Oceans, the detailed results of more than 20 years of experimental and theoretical investigations in the field of ocean remote sensing, utilising microwave radiometric techniques and multi-frequency aerospace instruments, are presented. Experimental results presented in this book to some extent contradict the traditional view that microwave radiometry and, in particular, millimetre-wave frequencies are not useful for remote sensing of oceans. The authors show that studies of the ocean and atmosphere as a coupled system, and of processes occurring at the ocean surface and in ...
Professor Kondratyev and his team consider the concept of global warming due to the greenhouse effect and put forward a new approach to the problem of assessing the impact of anthropogenic processes. Considering data on both sources and sinks for atmospheric carbon and various conceptual schemes of the global carbon dioxide cycle, they suggest a new approach to studies of the problem of the greenhouse effect. They assess the role of different types of soil and vegetation in the assimilation of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and discuss models of the atmosphere ocean gas exchange and its role in the carbon dioxide cycle, paying special attention to the role of the Arctic Basin. The authors also consider models of other global atmospheric cycles for a range of atmospheric constituents, and conclude by drawing together a range of scenarios on modelling the global carbon cycle.
The tropical regions of the Earth play a crucial role in the evolution of the global thermodynamic surface-atmosphere system, and in the socio-ecological processes on our planet. The well known clichés describing the tropics as "the firebox of the atmosphere" and "the lungs of the planet" are not exaggerations. The principle purposes of this book are to demonstrate the unique capabilities of modern remote sensing techniques for the observation and monitoring of tropical ecosystems, and to substantiate the scientific rationale for studies of the Earth?s tropical regions. In the first part of this book, the author places particular emphasis on specific features of low-latitude conditions, suc...
This interdisciplinary book parameterizes the global ecodynamic process. The discussion considers basic global problems of the Nature-Society-System (NSS) dynamics and reviews key problems of ensuring its sustainable development. The book includes an analysis of trends in changing ecological systems and estimates characteristics of current global ecodynamics. The authors propose a new approach to NSS numerical modelling and demonstrate the results of modelling the dynamics of this system's characteristics.
Opening with a survey of contemporary global ecodynamics, including its basic components, this book goes on to discuss greenhouse effect problems in the context of global carbon cycle dynamics. The coverage includes land ecosystem changes, air-sea exchange models, high-latitude environmental dynamics, and a discussion of basic aspects of global environmental modelling and relevant monitoring systems. The volume concludes by examining society systems with emphasis on the problems of sustainable development.
Offers insights into the Soviet and Russian experience in remote sensing, places them in an international context, and thoroughly reviews the Russian scientific aircraft and satellite instrumentation for the first time. Discusses the key problems of global environmental change and the role of satell