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The Incomputable
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 292

The Incomputable

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2017-05-05
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  • Publisher: Springer

This book questions the relevance of computation to the physical universe. Our theories deliver computational descriptions, but the gaps and discontinuities in our grasp suggest a need for continued discourse between researchers from different disciplines, and this book is unique in its focus on the mathematical theory of incomputability and its relevance for the real world. The core of the book consists of thirteen chapters in five parts on extended models of computation; the search for natural examples of incomputable objects; mind, matter, and computation; the nature of information, complexity, and randomness; and the mathematics of emergence and morphogenesis. This book will be of interest to researchers in the areas of theoretical computer science, mathematical logic, and philosophy.

The Splendors and Miseries of Martingales
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 419

The Splendors and Miseries of Martingales

Over the past eighty years, martingales have become central in the mathematics of randomness. They appear in the general theory of stochastic processes, in the algorithmic theory of randomness, and in some branches of mathematical statistics. Yet little has been written about the history of this evolution. This book explores some of the territory that the history of the concept of martingales has transformed. The historian of martingales faces an immense task. We can find traces of martingale thinking at the very beginning of probability theory, because this theory was related to gambling, and the evolution of a gambler’s holdings as a result of following a particular strategy can always b...

Programs, Proofs, Processes
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 464

Programs, Proofs, Processes

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2010-06-27
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  • Publisher: Springer

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th Conference on Computability in Europe, CiE 2010, held in Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal, in June/July 2010. The 28 revised papers presented together with 20 invited lectures were carefully reviewed and selected from 90 submissions. The papers address not only the more established lines of research of computational complexity and the interplay between proofs and computation, but also novel views that rely on physical and biological processes and models to find new ways of tackling computations and improving their efficiency.

Kolmogorov Complexity and Algorithmic Randomness
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 511

Kolmogorov Complexity and Algorithmic Randomness

Looking at a sequence of zeros and ones, we often feel that it is not random, that is, it is not plausible as an outcome of fair coin tossing. Why? The answer is provided by algorithmic information theory: because the sequence is compressible, that is, it has small complexity or, equivalently, can be produced by a short program. This idea, going back to Solomonoff, Kolmogorov, Chaitin, Levin, and others, is now the starting point of algorithmic information theory. The first part of this book is a textbook-style exposition of the basic notions of complexity and randomness; the second part covers some recent work done by participants of the “Kolmogorov seminar” in Moscow (started by Kolmogorov himself in the 1980s) and their colleagues. This book contains numerous exercises (embedded in the text) that will help readers to grasp the material.

Algorithmic Randomness and Complexity
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 883

Algorithmic Randomness and Complexity

Computability and complexity theory are two central areas of research in theoretical computer science. This book provides a systematic, technical development of "algorithmic randomness" and complexity for scientists from diverse fields.

Automata, Languages, and Programming
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 751

Automata, Languages, and Programming

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2015-06-19
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  • Publisher: Springer

The two-volume set LNCS 9134 and LNCS 9135 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 42nd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming, ICALP 2015, held in Kyoto, Japan, in July 2015. The 143 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 507 submissions. The papers are organized in the following three tracks: algorithms, complexity, and games; logic, semantics, automata and theory of programming; and foundations of networked computation: models, algorithms and information management.

Automata, Languages and Programming
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 752

Automata, Languages and Programming

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2006-06-29
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  • Publisher: Springer

The two-volume set LNCS 4051 and LNCS 4052 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 33rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming, ICALP 2006, held in Venice, Italy, July 2006. In all, these volumes present more 100 papers and lectures. Volume I (4051) presents 61 revised full papers together with 1 invited lecture, focusing on algorithms, automata, complexity and games, on topics including graph theory, quantum computing, and more.

Algorithmic Randomness
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 370

Algorithmic Randomness

Surveys on recent developments in the theory of algorithmic randomness and its interactions with other areas of mathematics.

How the World Computes
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 773

How the World Computes

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2012-05-28
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  • Publisher: Springer

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Turing Centenary Conference and the 8th Conference on Computability in Europe, CiE 2012, held in Cambridge, UK, in June 2012. The 53 revised papers presented together with 6 invited lectures were carefully reviewed and selected with an acceptance rate of under 29,8%. The CiE 2012 Turing Centenary Conference will be remembered as a historic event in the continuing development of the powerful explanatory role of computability across a wide spectrum of research areas. The papers presented at CiE 2012 represent the best of current research in the area, and forms a fitting tribute to the short but brilliant trajectory of Alan Mathison Turing. Both the conference series and the association promote the development of computability-related science, ranging over mathematics, computer science and applications in various natural and engineering sciences such as physics and biology, and also including the promotion of related non-scientific fields such as philosophy and history of computing.