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Biological processes involving large macromolecular assemblies are thought to be a dynamic consequence of cooperativity and metastability. The folding of a peptide chain creates local environments from which “activity” can emerge. In the same way, the assembly of large molecular complexes creates dynamic features that would only be feasible in a large construct. The biological implications of such adaptation are explored as it applies to the static quasisymmetry situations, as well as to the dynamics of structural transitions. The current wealth of solved high-resolution complex structures makes this an appropriate time to summarize the state of the art in structural dynamics of living architectures. With contributions by leading scientists in the fields of virology, bacterial flagellum, cytoskeleton, ribosome and giant enzymes, this important book presents cutting-edge knowledge in the various fields of structural proteomics of very large molecular assemblies, with the focus on their mechanisms of action.
This open-end treatise on methods concerning pro tein separation had its beginning in an American Chemical Society symposium entitled "Con temporary Protein Separation Methods" which was held in Atlantic City, New Jersey in September 1974. The purpose of the symposium-and subse quently of the present work-was to review the available modern techniques and underlying principles för achieving one of the very important tasks of experimental biology, namely the separation and characterization of proteins present in complex biological mixtures. Physicochemical characterization was covered only as related to the parent method of fractionation and there fore involved mostly mass transport processes...
A mixture of two polymers, or one polymer and a salt, in an aqueous medium separates into two phases: this phenomenon is useful in biotechn- ogy for product separations. Separation of biological molecules and particles in these aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) was initiated over 40 years ago by P.-Å. Albertsson, and later proved to be of immense utility in biochemical and cell biological research. A boost in the application of ATPS was seen when problems of separations in biotechnology processes were encountered. Its simplicity, biocompatibility, and amenability to easy scaleup operations make the use of ATPS very attractive for large-scale bioseparations. Despite the advantages ATPS enjoys over other separation techniques, the application of two-phase systems has for a long time been confined to selected labora- ries. Recent years have, however, shown a trend in which increasing numbers of researchers employ two-phase partitioning techniques in both basic and applied research.
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General methodology and apparatus: phase diagrams, preparation and analysis of two-phase systems, partioning and affinity partitioning of macromolecules: Proteins, nucleic acids, studies on protein interactionsmolecular structure, charge, hydrophobicity, and conformational chan ges, partitioning and affinity partitioning of particulates,organellesseparation and subfractionation, menbrane: separation and subfractionation, membrane domain analysis, aqueous phase separation in biologicalsystems, aqueous two-phase systems in large-scale process biotechnolo gy, proteins; downstream processing, design of proteins for enhanced extraction, other applications of aqueous phases in biotechnology. Enzymology.
"The author tells a history of the study of cancer-causing viruses from the early twentieth century to the development of an HPV vaccine for cervical cancer in 2006. He profiles the "cancer virus hunters" who made breakthroughs in tumor virology"--