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Metonymy and Metaphor in Grammar
with the advent of Cognitive Linguistics, metonymy and metaphor are now recognized as being not only ornamental rhetorical tropes but fundamental figures of thought that shape, to a considerable extent, the conceptual structure of languages. The present volume goes even beyond this insight to propose that grammar itself is metonymical in nature (Langacker) and that conceptual metonymy and metaphor leave their imprints on lexicogrammatical structure.
Metonymy and Pragmatic Inferencing
In recent years, conceptual metonymy has been recognized as a cognitive phenomenon that is as fundamental as metaphor for reasoning and the construction of meaning. The thoroughly revised chapters in the present volume originated as presentations in a workshop organized by the editors for the "7th International Pragmatics Conference" held in Budapest in 2000. They constitute, according to an anonymous reviewer, "an interesting contribution to both cognitive linguistics and pragmatics." The contributions aim to bridge the gap, and encourage discussion, between cognitive linguists and scholars working in a pragmatic framework. Topics include the metonymic basis of explicature and implicature, the role of metonymically-based inferences in speech act and discourse interpretation, the pragmatic meaning of grammatical constructions, the impact of metonymic mappings on and their interaction with grammatical structure, the role of metonymic inferencing and implicature in linguistic change, and the comparison of metonymic principles across languages and different cultural settings.
From Space to Time
Eugene Casad’s posthumous monograph is an in-depth study of the TIME IS SPACE metaphor in Cora – an Uto-Aztecan language spoken in the state of Nayarit, Mexico – within the framework of Ronald Langacker’s Cognitive Grammar. The author provides an introduction to Cora speakers and their history, and traces the evolution of Cora locative expressions, comparing them with cognate or corresponding expressions in other Uto-Aztecan languages, e.g. Huichol, to reconstruct the development of Cora temporal meanings. Based on a meticulous analysis of synchronic and diachronic data, Casad postulates distinct Cora models of time, grammatical aspect, and event structure, among which the topographically based model of time is especially prominent. This important book can be regarded as the opus magnum of the author. It should be of interest to scholars working in conceptual metaphor theory, grammaticalization, and the history and typology of Uto-Aztecan languages.
Metaphor and Metonymy in the Digital Age
This book describes methods, risks, and challenges involved in the construction of metaphor and metonymy digital repositories. The first part of this volume showcases established and new projects around the world in which metaphors and metonymies are harvested and classified. The second part provides a series of cognitive linguistic studies focused on highlighting and discussing theoretical and methodological risks and challenges involved in building these digital resources. The volume is a result of an interdisciplinary collaboration between cognitive linguists, psychologists, and computational scientists supporting an overarching idea that metaphor and metonymy play a central role in human cognition, and that they are deeply entrenched in recurring patterns of bodily experience. Throughout the volume, a variety of methods are proposed to collect and analyze both conceptual metaphors and metonymies and their linguistic and visual expressions.
Metonymy and Word-Formation
This book deals with the interplay between word-formation and metonymy. It shows that, like metaphor, metonymy interacts in important ways with morphological structure, but also warns us against a virtually unconstrained conception of metonymy. The central claim here is that word-formation and metonymy are distinct linguistic components that complement and mutually constrain each other. Using linguistic data from a variety of languages, the book provides ample empirical support for its thesis. It is much more than a systematic study of two neglected linguistic phenomena, for a long time thought to be unimportant by linguists. Through exposing and explaining the intricate interaction between metonymy and word formation from a cognitive linguistic perspective, the reader is presented with a sense of the amazing complexity of the development of linguistic systems. This book will be essential reading for scholars and advanced students interested in the role of figuration in grammar.
Defining Metonymy in Cognitive Linguistics
While cognitive linguists are essentially in agreement on both the conceptual nature and the fundamental importance of metonymy, there remain disagreements on a number of specific but, nevertheless, crucial issues. Research questions include: Is metonymy a relationship between entities or domains ? Is it necessarily referential? What is meant by the claim that metonymy is a stand-for relationship? Can metonymy be considered a mapping? How can it be distinguished from active zones or facets ? Is it a prototype category? The ten contributions of the present volume address such core issues on the basis of the latest research results. The volume is unique in being devoted exclusively to the delimitation of the notion of metonymy without ignoring points of divergence among the various contributors, thus paving the way towards a consensual conception of metonymy."
Metaphor and Metonymy in Comparison and Contrast
The book elaborates one of Roman Jakobson's many brilliant ideas, i.e. his insight that the two cognitive strategies of the metaphoric and the metonymic are the end-points on a continuum of conceptualization processes. This elaboration is achieved on the background of Lakoff and Johnson's twodomain approach, i.e. the mapping of a source onto a target domain of conceptualization. Further approaches dwell on different stretches of this metaphor-metonymy continuum. Still other papers probe into the specialized conceptual division of labor associated with both modes of thought. Two new breakthroughs in the cognitive linguistics approach to metaphor and metonymy have recently been developed: one is the three-domain approach, which concentrates on the new blends that become possible after the integration or the blending of source and target domain elements; the other is the approach in terms of primary scenes and subscenes which often determine the way source and target domains interact.
Studies in Contact Linguistics
Original Scholarly Monograph
Conceptual Metonymy
The volume addresses a number of closely connected methodological, descriptive, and theoretical issues in the study of metonymy, and includes a series of case studies broadening our knowledge of the functioning of metonymy. As regards the methodological and descriptive issues, the book exhibits a unique feature in metonymy literature: the discussion of the structure of a detailed, web-based metonymy database (especially its entry model), and the descriptive criteria to be applied in its completion. The theoretical discussion contributes important challenging insights on several metonymy-related topics such as contingency, source prominence, “complex target”, source-target contrast / asymmetry, conceptual integration, hierarchies, triggers, de-personalization and de-roling, and many others. The case studies deal with the role of metonymy in morphology, monoclausal if only constructions, emotional categories, and iconicity in English and other languages, including one sign language. Beside cognitive linguists, especially metonymy researchers, the book should appeal to researchers in A.I., sign language, rhetoric, lexicography, and communication.
Discourse and Perspective in Cognitive Linguistics
Cognitive models, perspectives, and the construction of situated meaning have always been core concepts in Cognitive Linguistics. The papers in this volume present applications of those concepts to the study of discourse phenomena like the use and interpretation of metaphors, modal expressions, focus particles, tag questions, indirect speech acts, and iconographic textual references. The volume also includes two studies focussing on cognitive processes involved in discourse production.
