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Advances in High-Pressure Techniques for Geophysical Applications
High-pressure mineral physics is a field that is strongly driven by the development of new technology. Fifty years ago, when experimentally achievable pressures were limited to just 25 GPa, little was know about the mineralogy of the Earth's lower mantle. Silicate perovskite, the likely dominant mineral of the deep Earth, was identified only when the high-pressure techniques broke the pressure barrier of 25 GPa in 1970s. However, as the maximum achievable pressure reached beyond one Megabar (100 GPa) and even to the pressure of Earth's core on minute samples, new discoveries increasingly were fostered by the development of new analytical techniques and improvements in sensitivity and precisi...
Los Alamos Science
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Hyperordered Structures in Materials
This book introduces characterizations of hyperordered structures using latest quantum beam technologies, the advanced theoretical methods for understanding the roles of the structures, and the state-of-the-arts materials containing the structures. In this book, the authors focus on the importance of defect complexes to improve functionality of crystals and that of orders of network structures to improve functionality of glass materials. These features can be regarded as interphases between perfect crystals and perfect amorphous, and they are the key factor for the evolution of materials science to a new dimension. The authors call such interphases "hyperordered structures" in this book. This is the first book that comprehensively summarizes glass science, defect science, and quantum beam science. It is valuable not only for active researchers in industry and academia but also graduate students.
High-Pressure Crystallography
This unique book is devoted to the theme of crystallographic studies at high pressure. It places emphasis on the phenomena characteristic to the compressed state of matter, as well as experimental and theoretical techniques, used to study these phenomena.
Quartz: Deposits, Mineralogy and Analytics
The book will include contributions of the state of the art of quartz raw materials (deposits and properties) and their analytics. The chapters are presented by leading scientists in the quartz field. The presentations cover the main interrelations between genesis of quartz - formation of specific properties - analytics - industrial applications of SiO2 raw materials.
Materials and Water Chemistry for Supercritical Water-cooled Reactors
Materials and Water Chemistry for Supercritical Water-cooled Reactors is unique in that it brings together materials and water chemistry, their interrelationship, the historical perspective and their application to SCWR conceptual design. Written by world's leading experts, all active in the area of materials and chemistry R&D in support of GEN IV SCWR, this book presents for the first time a comprehensive reference on these topics, and in particular, how these data relate to the SCWR design itself. This book is an essential text for researchers in the areas of supercritical water-cooled reactor materials and chemistry, working in industry or academia. It will also give newcomers to the fiel...
Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphism
Ultrahigh Pressure Metamorphism (UHPM) is a fast growing discipline that was established 25 years ago after discoveries of high pressure minerals, coesite and diamonds. The current explosion of research on UHMP terranes reflects their significance for understanding large scale mantle dynamics, major elements of plate tectonics such as continental collisions, deep subduction and exhumation, mountains building, geochemical recycling 'from surface to the core', and a deep storage of light elements participating in green-house effects in the atmosphere. This book provides insights into the formation of diamond and coesite at very high pressures and explores new ideas regarding the tectonic setti...
East European Craton
"Extensive geological and geophysical surveying contribute to understanding of the deep crustal structure and geological history of the Early Precambrian crust of the eastern Fennoscandian Shield and the basement of the East European Platform. The authors present 3D models of the deep crustal structure of the territory, and reconstruct the succession of geological events"--
Mesures en conditions extrêmes
L’objectif de cet ouvrage est de présenter les dernières innovations liées à l’utilisation du paramètre thermodynamique pression dans les grands domaines de recherches. Les chapitres s'organisent selon plusieurs thématiques disciplinaires: physique, biologie, environnement, matériaux et sciences de la terre. Chacun de ces chapitres offre un panorama actualisé des nouvelles avancées scientifiques issues de l’utilisation de la pression dans le domaine concerné, et discute des futurs enjeux et perspectives qui lui sont associés. Les développements technologiques récents, qu'ils correspondent aux outils destinés à générer les pressions ou aux techniques de mesure des propriétés physico-chimiques des échantillons sous contraintes, sont également décrits avec soin. Cet ouvrage s'adresse donc d’une part à tous ceux qui conçoivent, mettent en œuvre et développent des appareils générateurs de haute pression, et d’autre part à ceux qui utilisent ces dispositifs pour étudier la matière et le vivant sous conditions extrêmes. L'ouvrage intéressera ainsi, sur l’ensemble des disciplines scientifiques, chercheurs, étudiants, ingénieurs et techniciens.
