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This volume deals with efforts by the German episcopacy to implement the reform decrees issued by Pope Innocent III at the Fourth Lateran Council in November 1215 within the six ecclesiastical provinces of Bremen, Cologne, Magdeburg, Mains, Salzburg and Trier over three decades: its primary focus is upon the use of provincial and diocesan synods, episcopal visitations, and general chapters for the regular clergy to the end that “...evils may be uprooted, virtues implanted, mistakes corrected, morals reformed, heresies extirpated, the faith strengthened,...and salutary decrees enacted for the higher and lower clergy.” It examines the methods and the personalities involved, the relationships between the ecclesiastical leadership of Germany and the Roman Curia, and it assesses the impact of these efforts at a most opportune and critical point in the history of the medieval Church.
Sovereigns have been the ultimate authority in many world regimes for more than 5,000 years. Informative and entertaining, this newly revised and completely updated volume is the definitive source book for accurate and thorough information on kings, rulers, and statesmen.
Analyzes pure scientific research in the Dutch East Indies during the 19th and 20th centuries in the context of imperialist and colonial ideologies. The focus is on relations between the projects undertaken on the periphery and the institutions in the home country. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Professor Jozef IJsewijn’s most relevant essays collected in one volume Jozef IJsewijn. Humanism in the Low Countries contains twenty-one essays written by the late Professor Jozef IJsewijn during the period 1966-1996. All essays were selected by his pupil Professor Gilbert Tournoy, who collaborated with him since the foundation of the Seminarium Philologiae Humanisticae in 1966 until his untimely death in 1998. They are now published in one volume in homage to the most brilliant scholar in the field of Neo-Latin Studies of the twentieth century. A number of contributions focus on the life and/or work of a single humanist from the Netherlands, others have a more general nature and deal with the very beginning and the later blossoming of Neo-Latin literature in the Low Countries or with the relationship between humanism in the Low Countries and in other European countries. Hidden in a less-known journal or a Festschrift for a colleague, these studies are nowadays not always easy to find. This volume brings the most relevant essays of IJsewijn together and aims to contribute to the research and study of humanism and Neo-Latin literature in the Low Countries.
In 1594, the first Dutch ships sailed to ‘the East’. Throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth century, almost five thousand ships were sent to the Dutch East Indies, attracting a growing number of travellers, with trade as one of the major incentives. In addition to Dutch missionary ambitions, progress and technological innovations not only fed the growing hunger for expansion, but also stirred an appetite for adventure. The hope for a life in welfare is mirrored in the growing numbers of passengers travelling ‘East’ in the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth century. At the same time, Javanese travellers started to explore their homeland as well. Travelling the Dutch East Indies not only offers a diverse picture of travel and a critical perspective on the colonial ideology with which it is associated, but also shows how the collections of Leiden University Libraries can serve as a rich source for all kinds of historical research.