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Why do some technologies spread while others do not? What are the consequences of top-down diffusion strategies? What are the disadvantages of instant patents? In answering these questions, this book forms a 'how to do it' guide to innovation management.
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Agricultural mechanization in Africa south of the Sahara — especially for small farms and businesses — requires a new paradigm to meet the needs of the continent’s evolving farming systems. Can Asia, with its recent success in adopting mechanization, offer a model for Africa? An Evolving Paradigm of Agricultural Mechanization Development analyzes the experiences of eight Asian and five African countries. The authors explore crucial government roles in boosting and supporting mechanization, from import policies to promotion policies to public good policies. Potential approaches presented to facilitating mechanization in Africa include prioritizing market-led hiring services, eliminating distortions, and developing appropriate technologies for the African context. The role of agricultural mechanization within overall agricultural and rural transformation strategies in Africa is also discussed. The book’s recommendations and insights should be useful to national policymakers and the development community, who can adapt this knowledge to local contexts and use it as a foundation for further research.
Gender differences in the engagement of work activities across sectors are important elements of gender inequality in rural livelihoods and welfare in developing countries. The role of production technologies, including agricultural mechanization, in addressing gender inequality, is increasingly explored. Knowledge gaps remain, however, including, how agricultural mechanization differentially affect labor engagements across sectors. This study aims to partly fill these knowledge gaps through micro-evidence from 8 countries (Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania, India, Nepal, Tajikistan and Vietnam), using several nationally representative panel data and supplementary data, and applying Correla...
Infectious Diseases and Your Health has the potential to impact and improve your life, and the lives of your loved ones. Every day, nearly 40, 000 people including small children and women die of infectious diseases. Many of these innocent lives could be saved. Your journey through the pages of this book will take you to an amazing world of infectious diseases. You will learn about various infectious diseases, how they can affect your life, the problems associated with their treatment and prevention, and how to overcome these problems. Additionally, you will hear the success story of new drug research, be introduced to the hard facts, and find fascinating pictures of microorganisms and parasites. The book provides instant solutions to several of your concerns about infectious diseases, and you will learn to live a highly productive, long and healthy life. So, join thousands of readers of this book worldwide, enhance your life and the lives of your loving family, become an informed healthy citizen, and contribute to achieving the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals. Let us never forget: life and quality of life are very precious.
Multiresistant bacterial pathogens pose a serious problem worldwide making the appropriate treatment of patients with healthcare-associated infections a challenge. The spread of antibiotic resistance is either mediated by mobile genetic elements (MGEs) or the dissemination of genetically-related groups of pathogens, “high-risk clonal complexes”. Interestingly most multiresistant healthcare-associated bacteria command just a few dominant international clonal complexes causing infections in various geographical areas. It is of utmost importance to identify the determinants associated with and promoting the spread of antibiotic resistance and the dissemination of these multiresistant pathog...