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Ultimate success in exploiting the genetic capabilities of plants to grow in nutrient-stressed environments of the semi-arid tropics (SAT) requires a holistic view of food systems to ensure that genetic selections for improved yields on nutrient-poor soils will actually be adopted by farmers. This book sets out to address the important issue of how physiological mechanisms of nutrient uptake can best be combined with genetic options to improve the adaptation of crops to low-nutrient availability, thereby enhancing productivity of nutrient poor soils in the semi-arid tropics. The book examines (i) the sustainability of breeding for low-nutrient environments from the viewpoint of three interre...
Als Alternative zu fossilen Brennstoffen stellt das Buch die Verwendung pflanzlicher Biomasse als erneuerbare und weitgehend CO2-neutrale Energiequelle vor: Treibstoff aus Rapsöl, Festbrennstoffe aus Reststoffen (Holz, Stroh), speziell angebaute Energiepflanzen zur direkten thermischen Nutzung. Die Empfehlungen sind klar und wissenschaftlich begründet.
Grain legume crops, e.g. common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and soyabeans (Glycine max L.) are amongst the main sources of protein in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Their high protein content derive from their ability, in symbiosis with Rhizobium bacteria, to fix atmospheric nitrogen. Incorporating contributions from molecular biologists, microbiologists, plant breeders and soil scientists, this volume reports the results of an FAO/IAEA Co-ordinated Research Programme (1992-1996), whose main objective was to develop molecular biological methods to study rhizobial ecology. Use of better tracking methods will help enhance biological nitrogen fixation and thus grain legume yields, while reducing their reliance on soil- and/or fertilizer-nitrogen. This volume will be invaluable to scientists working on biological nitrogen fixation, soil microbial ecology and legume production.
This book presents comprehensive coverage of differentiated plant responses to changing environments. It focuses on how multiple and combined stress factors influence plant survival. It examines the latest data on the capacity of roots to alter growth patterns due to disturbances in physical and/or chemical soil constraints, water supply, and other traumas. It contains over 85% new and updated material with more than 1500 new citations, tables, drawings, and photographs.
The idea of addressing the problem of the genetic specificity of mineral nutrition at an international level arose four years ago in a proposal for this topic to be included in the program of the II Congress of the Federation of European Societies for Plant Physiology (FESPP) as a separate section. The Organising Committee of the II Congress of FESPP which was held in Santiago de Compostella in 1980 arranged a special session and it was clearly successful. A special scientific meeting where the genetic aspects of plant nutrition in their widest sense could be presented and discussed comprehensively appeared to be necessary and that is how this Symposium came to be organized by the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts. Much progress has already been achieved in this field, and bearing in mind the importance of this problem, particularly at the present moment, it is necessary for us both to acquaint ourselves with what has been achieved so far, and even more to direct attention and effort to the fundamental problems for the future.
Tropical Africa escaped from the glaciers that covered the temperate parts of the world during the Ice Age. The legacy is that most of the parent materials of the soils of tropical Africa are old, highly weathered and devoid of bases and phosphate-bearing minerals. Traditional farming systems which were relatively stable and sustainable relied on long fallow periods after one to two years of cropping to maintain the productive capacity of the soils. In recent times and especially in densely populated areas, a sizeable class of 'landless' farmers have begun to cultivate marginal lands or to invade the 'forest reserves' thereby exacerbating the problems of land and environ mental degradation. ...
The book contains the proceedings of the Fifth International Wheat Conference at which leading international scientists reviewed current research issues and developments in wheat improvement. The debated topics cover breeding and genetics, genetic resources and importance of free germplasm exchange, breeding for biotic and abiotic stresses, physiology, agronomy and mineral nutrition, grain quality and biotechnology. A significant number of presentations were made by participants from the former USSR and Eastern and Central Europe, making this book also a prime reference for current wheat research and production status in these countries. This book provides an opportunity for wheat scientists interested in global wheat improvement issues to obtain an insight into the research that is currently being conducted worldwide and the prospects of further improvement to meet the increasing demands for this food commodity.
This publication contains the proceedings of a seminar on 'Production and Utilization of Protein in Oilsead Crops', held at Braunschweig from 8 to 10 July, 1980. The meeting was held under the auspices of the Commission of the European Communities, as part of the EEC Common Research Programme on Plant Protein Improvement. Methods for the intensive production of meat and milk have been adopted to an increasing extent in EEC coun±ries over the past two decades, their success is based on animal diets of high quality, balanced for energy and protein contents. The substantial improvements in cereal yields in EEC over this period has kept pace with the increasing demand for dietary energy in conc...
Understanding metalloids and the potential impact they can have upon crop success or failure Metalloids have a complex relationship with plant life. Exhibiting a combination of metal and non-metal characteristics, this small group of elements – which includes boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), and tellurium (Te) – may hinder or enhance the growth and survival of crops. The causes underlying the effects that different metalloids may have upon certain plants range from genetic variance to anatomical factors, the complexities of which can pose a challenge to botanists and agriculturalists of all backgrounds. With Metalloids in Plants, a group of leading pl...