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Most studies of water scarcity in the Middle East conclude that there is a significant risk of imminent conflict, even warfare, between states in the region. This book demonstrates that the evidence does not support this doom-laden prediction. Indeed, the authors show that although water scarcity has occasionally played a role in disputes in the Middle East, it has much more often promoted co-existence between adversaries. The reasoning behind this hypothesis is that water is too critical to be put at risk by warfare.
Innovative Development in Micromanufacturing Processes details cutting edge technologies in micromanufacturing processes, an industry which has undergone a technological transformation in the past decade. Enabling engineers to create high performance, low cost, and long-lasting products, this book is an essential companion to all those working in micro and nano engineering. As products continue to get smaller and smaller, the field of micromanufacturing has gained an international audience. This book looks at both approaches of micromanufacturing: top-down and bottom-up. The top-down approach includes subtractive micromanufacturing processes such as microturning, micromilling, microdrilling,...
This book constitutes the proceedings of the Second International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Development for Africa, ICT4DA 2019, held in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, in May 2019. The 29 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 69 submissions. The papers address the impact of ICT in fostering economic development in Africa. In detail they cover the following topics: artificial intelligence and data science; wireless and mobile computing; and Natural Language Processing.
This reference highlights the significance of marine ecosystems, encompassing seaweed beds, seagrasses, coral reefs, mangroves, estuaries, and protected areas, as a remarkable gateway to overcoming healthcare challenges and unlocking a rich trove of bioactive compounds for drug discovery. One of the key highlights of this book is its exploration of the development of marine bio-drugs, a field that demands collaboration among scientists from both academic and industrial fronts. The editors also include a prospective review on marine environments, emphasizing the necessity for big data, collective knowledge sharing, financial support, and streamlined administrative processes, all of which cont...
Examining international water allocation policies in different parts of the world, this book suggests that they can be used as a platform to induce cooperation over larger political issues, ultimately settling conflicts. The main premise is that water can and should be used as a catalyst for peace and cooperation rather than conflict. Evidence is provided to support this claim through detailed case studies from the Middle East and the Lesotho Highlands in Africa. These international cases – including bilateral water treaties and their development and formation process and aftermath – are analyzed to draw conclusions about the outcomes as well as the processes by which these outcomes are ...
First Published in 1998.People cannot live without changing nature. They do so by breathing, feeding and defecating, by dressing and heating and by creating barriers against wind and water, cold and heat. These forms of human-induced change of nature have been present since the dawn of mankind. People are constantly confronted by a malignant nature against which they have to defend themselves and whose resources they have to use in order to survive. However, the relationship between man and nature has dramatically changed during the past centuries. More than the word 'nature', the term 'environment' has become strongly associated with damage and decay caused by human beings. Hence, in practi...
This Three-Volume-Set constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Software Engineering and Computer Systems, ICSECS 2011, held in Kuantan, Malaysia, in June 2011. The 190 revised full papers presented together with invited papers in the three volumes were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on software engineering; network; bioinformatics and e-health; biometrics technologies; Web engineering; neural network; parallel and distributed e-learning; ontology; image processing; information and data management; engineering; software security; graphics and multimedia; databases; algorithms; signal processing; software design/testing; e- technology; ad hoc networks; social networks; software process modeling; miscellaneous topics in software engineering and computer systems.
Proponents of globalization argue that it protects the global environment from degradation and promotes worldwide sustainable economic growth while opponents argue the exact opposite. Examining the local, national, and international impacts of globalization, the Handbook of Globalization and the Environment explores strategies and solutions that support healthy economic growth, protect the environment, and create a more equitable world. The book sets the stage with coverage of global environmental issues and policies. It explores international sustainable development, the evolution of global warming policy, transborder air pollution, desertification, space and the global environment, and hum...
As demand for fresh water rises, together with population, water scarcity already features on the national security agenda of many countries. In this book, Dinardevelops a theory to explain solutions to property rights conflicts over shared rivers. Through systematic analysis of available treaty texts, corresponding side-payment and cost-sharing patterns are gleaned. Geographic and economic variables are used to explain recurring property rights outcomes. Rather than focusing on a specific river or particular geographic region, the book analyzes numerous rivers, dictated by the large number of treaty observations, and is able to test several hypotheses, devising general conclusions about the manner in which states resolve their water disputes. Policy implications are thereby also gained. While the book simultaneously considers conflict and cooperation along international rivers, it is the focus on negotiated agreements, and their embodied side-payment and cost-sharing regimes, that justifies the use of particular independent variables.