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Hydrothermal Technology in Biomass Utilization & Conversion
This book addresses a key innovative technology for decarbonization of the energy system: hydrothermal processing. It basically consists of treating biomass and wastes in a wet form, under pressure and temperature condition. This approach is becoming more and more attractive, as new feedstock and applications are appearing on the scene of bioeconomy and bioenergy. The hydrothermal processing of various type of biomass, waste, and residues, thus, raised the interest of many researchers and companies around the world, together with downstream upgrading processes and technologies: solid products as biochar, for instance, or liquid ones as crude bioliquids, are finding new market opportunities in circular economy schemes. The Special Issue collects recent innovative research works in the field, from basic to applied research, as well as pilot industrial applications/demo. It is a valuable set of references for those investing time and effort in research in the field.
Natural Gas and Renewable Methane for Powertrains
This book focuses on natural gas and synthetic methane as contemporary and future energy sources. Following a historical overview, physical and chemical properties, occurrence, extraction, transportation and storage of natural gas are discussed. Sustainable production of natural gas and methane as well as production and storage of synthetic methane are scrutinized next. A substantial part of the book addresses construction of vehicles for natural and synthetic methane as well as large engines for industrial and maritime use. The last chapters present some perspectives on further uses of renewable liquid fuels as well as natural gas for industrial engines and gas power plants.
Transition to Renewable Energy Systems
In this ready reference, top academic researchers, industry players and government officers join forces to develop commercial concepts for the transition from current nuclear or fossil fuel-based energy to renewable energy systems within a limited time span. They take into account the latest science and technology, including an analysis of the feasibility and impact on the environment, economy and society. In so doing, they discuss such complex topics as electrical and gas grids, fossil power plants and energy storage technologies. The contributions also include robust, conceivable and breakthrough technologies that will be viable and implementable by 2020.
The Oxford Handbook of Energy Politics
"In many ways, everything we once knew about energy resources and technologies has been impacted by: the longstanding scientific consensus on climate change and related support for renewable energy; the affordability of extraction of unconventional fuels; increasing demand for energy resources by middle- and low-income nations; new regional and global stakeholders; fossil fuel discoveries and emerging renewable technologies; awareness of (trans)local politics; and rising interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the need for energy justice. Research on these and related topics now appears frequently in social science academic journals-in broad-based journals, such as Internationa...
Smart Bioenergy
Biomass is a vital source of renewable energy, because it offers a wide range of established and potential methods for energy generation. It is also an important facet of the progression toward a sustainable energy future. The need for further development in the provision of bioenergy is underlined by challenges affecting the biomass resource base, including rising demand for biomass for food, feed, materials and fuel. This is underlined by significant concerns over factors relating to land, such as soil, nutrients and biodiversity. This book examines and analyzes Germany's decade-long initiative toward implementation of an active policy for the transition of the energy system to make greate...
Biofuels Production and Processing Technology
The importance of biofuels in greening the transport sector in the future is unquestionable, given the limited available fossil energy resources, the environmental issues associated to the utilization of fossil fuels, and the increasing attention to security of supply. This comprehensive reference presents the latest technology in all aspects of biofuels production, processing, properties, raw materials, and related economic and environmental aspects. Presenting the application of methods and technology with minimum math and theory, it compiles a wide range of topics not usually covered in one single book. It discusses development of new catalysts, reactors, controllers, simulators, online analyzers, and waste minimization as well as design and operational aspects of processing units and financial and economic aspects. The book rounds out by describing properties, specifications, and quality of various biofuel products and new advances and trends towards future technology.
Proceedings, Seventh International Software Metrics Symposium
Thirty papers presented at an April 2001 symposium report on measurement, empirical studies and other quantitative and qualitative methods applied to software development, management and quality assurance. Some of the topics are: a software cost estimation model based on categorical data, the influence of team size and defect detection technique on inspection effectiveness, information theory based measures of coupling and cohesion of a module, and usage measurement for statistical web testing and reliability analysis. Other topics include evaluating software degradation through entropy, a feedback approach to validation of a GQM study, the impact of design properties on development cost in object oriented systems, and using simulation to evaluate prediction techniques. No subject index. c. Book News Inc.
Energie aus Biomasse
Der hier vorliegende zweite Band des dreiteiligen Standardwerks zur Energiegewinnung aus Biomasse widmet sich der thermo-chemischen Konversion fester organischer Stoffe. Damit beinhaltet dieser Band die Grundlagen zu den biogenen Festbrennstoffen und deren Eigenschaften sowie eine systematische Übersicht zu den Verfahren der thermo-chemischen Umwandlung inklusive direkter thermo-chemischer Umwandlung auf Basis rezenter Biomasse. Ebenfalls dargestellt werden die Gaserzeugung, die Pyrolyse, die hydrothermalen Verfahren und mögliche Synthesen zur Weiterverarbeitung. Die Ressourcen und deren Bereitstellung sowie die Prozesse der bio-chemischen sowie der physikalisch-chemischen Konversion sind ...
Nachhaltige Energie durch Hydrothermale Karbonisierung: Aspekte der Wirtschaftlichkeit und Anwendbarkeit
Die Umstellung auf dezentral produzierte, erneuerbare Energieträger auf nachhaltiger Basis ist ein Prozess von langer Dauer. Auch Jahr 2008 ist noch über 90% der verbrauchten Energie fossilen und atomaren Energieträgern zuzuschreiben, obwohl die Bundesrepublik Deutschland in hohem Maße private Investitionen in Windkraft-, Photovoltaik- oder Biogasanlagen mit dem Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz und seiner Einspeisevergütungen fördert. Fakt ist, dass ein Verfahren allein die bisherigen Energieträger nicht zu 100% substituieren kann. Neue Verfahrenstechniken werden benötigt, die auf regenerative und in großer Zahl verfügbare Energieträger vor Ort zurückgreifen können, gleichzeitig kost...
