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Quality and Production of Forage
The book "Quality and Production of Forage" is intended to keep readers updated on the developments occurring in this field. As it is apparent that livestock animals are important throughout the world because of the meat, milk and egg they produce, knowledge about the forages available to animals must also be considered for increased production, quality and efficiency. This book provides information that readers will find considerably invaluable about forage feeds, such as grass, legumes, and straw. The book is composed of ten papers, focusing on a wide range of research activities and topics that feature the following concepts of forage: the effect of conservation method on forage protein v...
Spatial Cognition VI. Learning, Reasoning, and Talking about Space
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Spatial Cognition, Spatial Cognition 2008, held in Freiburg, Germany, in September 2008. The 27 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited lectures were carefully reviewed and selected from 54 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on spatial orientation, spatial navigation, spatial learning, maps and modalities, spatial communication, spatial language, similarity and abstraction, concepts and reference frames, as well as spatial modeling and spatial reasoning.
Rational Reasoning with Finite Conditional Knowledge Bases
Nonmonotonic reasoning is a discipline of computer science, epistemology, and cognition: It models inferences where classical logic is inadequate in symbolic AI, defines normative models for reasoning with defeasible information in epistemology, and models human reasoning under information change in cognition. Its building blocks are defeasible rules formalised as DeFinetti conditionals. In this thesis, Christian Eichhorn examines qualitative and semi-quantitative inference relations on top said conditionals, using the conditional structure of the knowledge base and Spohn’s Ordinal Conditional Functions, using established properties. Converting network approaches from probabilistics, he shows how to approach the relations with regard to implementation.
Semantics of Belief Change Operators for Intelligent Agents: Iteration, Postulates, and Realizability
One of the core problems in artificial intelligence is the modelling of human reasoning and intelligent behaviour. The representation of knowledge, and reasoning about it, are of crucial importance in achieving this. This book, Semantics of Belief Change Operators for Intelligent Agents: Iteration, Postulates, and Realizability, addresses a number of significant research questions in belief change theory from a semantic point of view; in particular, the connection between different types of belief changes and plausibility relations over possible worlds is investigated. This connection is characterized for revision over general classical logics, showing which relations are capturing AGM revis...
Space to Reason
An argument against the role of visual imagination in reasoning that proposes a spatial theory of human thought, supported by empirical and computational evidence. Many scholars believe that visual mental imagery plays a key role in reasoning. In Space to Reason, Markus Knauff argues against this view, proposing that visual images are not relevant for reasoning and can even impede the process. He also argues against the claim that human thinking is solely based on abstract symbols and is completely embedded in language. Knauff proposes a third way to think about human reasoning that relies on supramodal spatial layout models, which are more abstract than pictorial images and more concrete th...
Artificial Intelligence: Methodology, Systems, and Applications
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence: Methodology, Systems, and Applications, AIMSA 2008, held in Varna, Bulgaria in September 2008. The 30 revised full papers presented together with the 10 posters were carefully reviewed and selected from 109 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on agents; natural language processing and text analysis; machine learning and information retrieval; knowledge representation and reasoning; constraints, heuristics and search; applications; posters.
Spatial Cognition IX
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Spatial Cognition, Spatial Cognition 2014, held in Bremen, Germany, in September 2014. The 27 revised full papers presented in this book were carefully selected and reviewed from 53 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on spatial memory; language and communication; wayfinding and navigation; computational models; diagrams and maps; technical approaches; and spatial ability.
The Handbook of Rationality
The first reference on rationality that integrates accounts from psychology and philosophy, covering descriptive and normative theories from both disciplines. Both analytic philosophy and cognitive psychology have made dramatic advances in understanding rationality, but there has been little interaction between the disciplines. This volume offers the first integrated overview of the state of the art in the psychology and philosophy of rationality. Written by leading experts from both disciplines, The Handbook of Rationality covers the main normative and descriptive theories of rationality—how people ought to think, how they actually think, and why we often deviate from what we can call rat...
Spatial Cognition IV, Reasoning, Action, Interaction
This is the fourth volume in a series of books dedicated to basic research in spatial cognition. Spatial cognition is a field that investigates the connection between the physical spatial world and the mental world. Philosophers and researchers have p- posed various views concerning the relation between the physical and the mental worlds: Plato considered pure concepts of thought as separate from their physical manifestations while Aristotle considered the physical and the mental realms as two aspects of the same substance. Descartes, a dualist, discussed the interaction between body and soul through an interface organ and thus introduced a functional view that presented a challenge for the ...
