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Intermarium
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 577

Intermarium

History and collective memories influence a nation, its culture, and institutions; hence, its domestic politics and foreign policy. That is the case in the Intermarium, the land between the Baltic and Black Seas in Eastern Europe. The area is the last unabashed rampart of Western Civilization in the East, and a point of convergence of disparate cultures. Marek Jan Chodakiewicz focuses on the Intermarium for several reasons. Most importantly because, as the inheritor of the freedom and rights stemming from the legacy of the Polish-Lithuanian/Ruthenian Commonwealth, it is culturally and ideologically compatible with American national interests. It is also a gateway to both East and West. Since...

Between Nazis and Soviets
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 520

Between Nazis and Soviets

Between 1939 and 1947 the county of Janów Lubelski, an agricultural area in central Poland, experienced successive occupations by Nazi Germany (1939-1944) and the Soviet Union (1944-1947). During each period the population, including the Polish majority and the Jewish, Ukrainian, and German minorities, reacted with a combination of accommodation, collaboration, and resistance. In this remarkably detailed and revealing study, Marek Jan Chodakiewicz analyzes and describes the responses of the inhabitants of occupied Janów to the policies of the ruling powers. He provides a highly useful typology of response to occupation, defining collaboration as an active relationship with the occupiers for reasons of self-interest and to the detriment of one's neighbors; resistance as passive and active opposition; and accommodation as compliance falling between the two extremes. He focuses on the ways in which these reactions influenced relations between individuals, between social classes, and between ethnic groups. Casting new light on social dynamics within occupied Poland during and after World War II, Between Nazis and Soviets yields valuable insight for scholars of conflict studies.

Spanish Carlism and Polish Nationalism
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 156

Spanish Carlism and Polish Nationalism

While both Spain and Poland developed genteel cultures grounded in Catholic religion, and experienced periods of growth followed by long decline, it is also the case that large differences in political economy and military structures also existed. Thus while Spain merely declined in power, Poland was partitioned by three powerful and rapacious neighbors. The Catholic and conservative elements that have been strong in both Poland and Spain have often been portrayed as obscure nativist and racist and even fascist. The purpose of this volume is to move beyond the simplistic vision this created about both countries into a more balanced and careful appraisal of tradition and development. Puncturi...

Poland's Transformation
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 314

Poland's Transformation

Poland has carried out two peaceful revolutions in the span of one generation: first, the self-limiting movement of Solidarity, which undermined the legitimacy of Communism and then a negotiated transfer of power from Communism to free market democracy. Today, while Poland is seen as a success story and is joining political and economic associations in the democratic West, Poles themselves seem downcast. They ask: is social anomie a price worth paying for a successful transformation? In making moral compromises with an outgoing tyranny, can one avoid cynicism and disappointment with democracy? Zbigniew Brzezinski, professor of American Foreign Policy at Johns Hopkins University has called Po...

Golden Harvest Or Hearts of Gold?
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 368

Golden Harvest Or Hearts of Gold?

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2012
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  • Publisher: Sis/Waller

Golden Harvest or Hearts of Gold? is a collection of essays on Polish-Jewish relations during World War II. In search of the much-debated truths about those times - truths that are often distorted by a neo-stalinist analysis shaped by the Soviet occupation of Poland after its capture from the Nazis - the authors present the results of their historical research and analyses based on forensic evidence, primary sources and documents, and testimonials. Throughout the volume, the writers reject as extreme and indefensibly reductive two of the most popular - and contradictory - interpretations of the relations between Poles and Jews. The authors refer to these interpretations as the "black legend"...

After the Holocaust
  • Language: pl
  • Pages: 290

After the Holocaust

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2003
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  • Publisher: Unknown

Conventional wisdom holds that Jews killed in Poland immediately after World War II were victims of ubiquitous Polish anti-Semitism. This book traces the roots of Polish-Jewish conflict after the war, demonstrating that it was a two-sided phenomenon and not simply an extension of the Holocaust.

Civil War in Central Europe, 1918-1921
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 268

Civil War in Central Europe, 1918-1921

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2018
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  • Publisher: Greater War

Civil War in Central Europe argues that Polish independence after the First World War was forged in the fires of the post-war conflicts which should be collectively referred to as the Central European Civil War (1918-1921). The ensuing violence forced those living in European border regions to decide on their national identity - German or Polish.

Revolution and Counterrevolution in Poland, 1980-1989
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 405

Revolution and Counterrevolution in Poland, 1980-1989

Examines the 1980 Solidarity revolution in Poland, the government's subsequent establishment of martial law in response, in 1981, and the eventual transition to democracy in 1989.

The Massacre in Jedwabne, July 10, 1941
  • Language: pl
  • Pages: 296

The Massacre in Jedwabne, July 10, 1941

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2005
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  • Publisher: Unknown

Re-examines the events in Jedwabne in 1941, exposing many methodological and factual weaknesses in the account by Jan Tomasz Gross in his book "Neighbors" (2000). Dismisses Gross's account of the massacre of Jews on 10 July 1941 as based on insufficient and unreliable sources, and lacking broader perspective, and presents a different account. Argues that, before the war, Jewish-Polish relations in Jedwabne were not hostile. The Soviet occupation and the collaboration of some Jews with the Soviets damaged these relations. Contends that the number of Jews killed on 10 July 1941 was 300-500, and not 1,600, as Gross stated. Many Jews fled and some were hidden by Poles. The action in Jedwabne was...

Fragmentation in East Central Europe
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 368

Fragmentation in East Central Europe

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2020
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  • Publisher: Unknown

WWI led to a radical reshaping of Europe's political borders and the emergence of a series of smaller states from the ruins of larger empires. This study examines how four East Central European states - Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia - dealt with the breakdown of commerce and mobility, caused by new borders, high tariffs, and trade wars.