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Land, Trees, and Women
How do women's land rights change as customary tenure systems give way to individualized land tenure? While the individualization of land rights creates incentives for poor farmers in marginal areas to adopt agroforestry, not much is known about its impact on women's land rights. Land, Trees, and Women examines the evolution of customary land tenure institutions in areas of Western Ghana and Western Sumatra where traditional matrilineal inheritance systems have been changing. In these two areas, the authors find that individualization of land tenure has contributed to both increased gender equity and greater efficiency in agroforestry management. While property rights institutions are moving toward providing proper incentives for efficient natural resource management, the authors conclude that any program or legal framework that assigns rights to resources must be evaluated for barriers to women's participation.
The Guatemala Community Day Care Program
The Hogares Comunitarios Program was launched as a pilot project in Guatemala City in 1991 in response to the need for alternative childcare in a rapidly urbanizing environment. By providing working parents with lowcost, quality childcare within their communities, the program seeks to improve young children's diets, nutrition, and development, while enabling poor parents to engage in income-generating activities. Similar programs have been used throughout Latin America, but few have been carefully assessed. This report evaluates the program's implementation, its service delivery and quality, and its impact on beneficiary children and their families.
How Fair is Workfare?
Men's and women's participation in FFW and self-employment responds differently to household and community shocks. After controlling for selection in which gender plays an important role, gender disadvantages in the wage labor market and FFW are insignificant. Returns to schooling and height are consistently positive in both wage labor and FFW, suggesting returns to human capital investment, even in the low-skill labor markets of rural Ethiopia. Program characteristics significantly affect participation, with differential effects on men and women. Participation, days worked, wages, and earnings vary according to the type of project. Relative to infrastructure projects, water, social services, and other projects decrease participation probabilities. Distance has a strong negative effect on women's participation relative to men's"--Abstract
Household Decisions, Gender, and Development
CD-Rom included.
Land and Schooling
In rural societies, passing down land and providing an education are the main ways parents assure the future welfare of their children. If, however, parents educate their sons and not their daughters and only sons inherit land, women will be worse off compared to men. Is the distribution of income and welfare between men and women changing? While many studies have documented that education of women is increasing in developing countries, evidence on changes in women's land rights is scarce. Knowing how men and women acquire land and human capital is the basis for determining the extent of this gender problem and how to solve it. The authors of this book identify the factors affecting land inh...
Research Report
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