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French historian Robert Ricard postulated a quick and facile evangelization of the native populations of central Mexico. However, evidence shows that native peoples incorporated Catholicism into their religious beliefs on their own terms, and continued to make sacrifices to their traditional deities. In particular the deities of rain (Tlaloc and Dzahui) and the fertility of the soil (Xipe Totec) continued to be important following the conquest and the beginning of the so-called spiritual conquest. This study examines visual evidence of the persistence of traditional religious practices, including embedded pre-hispanic stones placed in churches and convents, and pre-hispanic iconography in what ostensibly were Christian murals.
Pedro Fernández de Quirós was a remarkable navigator and explorer. Having sailed in 1595 as chief pilot in the ill-fated Spanish expedition to the Solomon Islands, he returned to the 'Austral Lands' - the area of the New Hebrides - in 1605 with another expedition, which is the subject of this volume. In his Introduction Father Kelly sets out to resolve some of the outstanding historical problems of this Quirós expedition in the light of recently discovered documents. At the same time he gives a brief description of the Franciscan missionary apostolate, its contribution to geographical discovery in the Pacific, and its missionary plans for the natives of the Austral lands. He also provides a systematic survey of source material in Spanish, Roman and other European archives. The volume contains 32 documents concerning the 1605 expedition, including Munilla's Relación, as well as the Franciscan Missionary Plan. All these have been translated by Father Kelly. Continued in Second Series 127, with which the main pagination is continuous. This is a new print-on-demand hardback edition of the volume first published in 1966.
El Catálogo Colectivo del Patrimonio Bibliográfico Español: Impresos del siglo XVII contiene los publicados en España y los aparecidos en el extranjero en cualquiera de las lenguas españolas. El objetivo último del Catálogo es dar noticia de todos los ejemplares localizados en nuestras bibliotecas. En esta primera edición, considerada base, se registran los impresos existentes en las siguientes bibliotecas: - Biblioteca Nacional - Biblioteca del Monasterio de El Escorial - Biblioteca del Palacio Real - Biblioteca de la Universidad Complutense (General y de todas las Facultades) - Bilbioteca de la Real Academia Española - Biblioteca de la Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando...
This landmark book chronicles and celebrates a prodigious historical and cultural legacy, and directs readers to more than four dozen parks from Maine to Alaska, where this aspect of our American heritage is preserved and interpreted. Illustrated with nearly 100 black and white contemporary and historical images, and a 16-page color portfolio.